Moong (Green Gram)

A monsoon crop. Sow in Jun–Jul, harvest in Aug–Sep.

Check it on your land
Season
Kharif
JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

64% of its area. Also grown in summer.
Ready in
70 days
about 2½ months
Water
260–330 mm
of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)
Grows best at
21–36 °C
0 °C survives 8–40 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Kharif 64% of its area
Summer 31% of its area
Today
J J A S O N D J F M A M
Sow Growing Harvest
The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Udupi Karnataka
Water
Season

Possible in Udupi, with effort

Moong (Green Gram)

JJASONDJFMAM

Sow in October, harvest around December

Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

Grown on 160 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

₹7,000–₹11,000

per acre a season, before costs

Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹3,000–₹7,000 an acre a season

  • Suits: Rain is enough
  • Suits: Ideal temperatures
  • Suits: Soil 8/10
Why, and how to make it work

Water

Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

Needs about 230 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year (80 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

  • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
  • Nov 32 °C / 22 °C
  • Dec 32 °C / 21 °C

Soil

Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

Not in the score: pH.

  • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
  • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
  • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
  • Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 6.2–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

How the soil score works

Money

Yield: about 1.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹5,675 a quintal across mandis in your state.

This week: about ₹8,355 a quintal, the middle of 19 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹1,000 a season at typical costs.

Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
  1. ₹6,100 2021
  2. ₹6,340 2022
  3. ₹8,150 2023
  4. ₹7,870 2024
  5. ₹7,000 2025

Prices are usually best in February.

Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

How to make it work

  • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

    Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Fertiliser for one acre here

Urea
4 kg
DAP
35 kg
MOP
13 kg

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra.

See every crop that suits Udupi

What it needs

Temperature

21–36 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 8–40 °C. Frost hurts it.

Water

260–330 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Nagaur Churu Jodhpur Pali Didwana-Kuchaman

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4.3 to 8.5.

Soil

  • No salty soil
  • Ordinary farm soil is fine
  • N Makes its own nitrogen
  • P Needs plenty of phosphorus and sulphur
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); ICAR-IIPR; ICAR-CSSRI crop salt tolerance; FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra

For most fields

Urea nitrogen
4 kg less than a quarter of a 45 kg bag
DAP phosphate
35 kg about ¾ of a 50 kg bag
MOP potash
13 kg about ¼ of a 50 kg bag

Sulphur: 8 kg for one acre, from about 45 kg of gypsum or 65 kg of single super phosphate

Give the DAP and MOP at sowing, and the urea in two or three doses. If your soil card says a nutrient is low, add about a quarter more of it.

Watch out for

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra
  • Yellow mosaic
    Disease

    Look for

    Yellow patches on the leaves and short plants; spread by whitefly.

    What to do first

    Grow a resistant variety, pull out sick plants early and control whitefly.

  • Powdery mildew
    Disease

    Look for

    White powder on the leaves.

    What to do first

    Spray wettable sulphur when it appears. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

  • Pod borer
    Pest

    Look for

    Holes in pods with caterpillars feeding inside.

    What to do first

    Use pheromone traps and bird perches; spray when caterpillars are many. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and a recent price, named below. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹5,000

Yield India's average
2.6 quintals an acre
× Price harvest price last season (Aug–Sep 2026)
₹7,376 a quintal
= Income
₹19,000
− Costs seed, fertiliser, labour and machines, as the government costs them
−₹14,000
= Left
₹5,000

This week moong (green gram) sells at about ₹8,000 a quintal: India's middle price at 164 mandis, latest 13 Nov. At that price an acre would leave about ₹6,600 a season.

Sold at the support price (MSP, ₹8,780 a quintal) to government procurement, an acre would leave about ₹8,600 a season. Procurement isn't open everywhere: ask at your mandi or agriculture office.

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹15,200 to ₹22,800 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
October, ₹8,050 a quintal
Lowest
January, ₹6,020 a quintal
₹6,020
₹8,050
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis: each month's latest price (Dec 2025–Nov 2026).

Government minimum support price (MSP): ₹8,780 a quintal for 2026-27. Every crop's MSP

Latest prices near Udupi Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
1.1 crore acres
2024-25
Average yield
2.6 quintals an acre (0.6 tonnes a hectare)
recent years, to 2024-25
Most area
Nagaur
Rajasthan
Best yield
Gir Somnath
6.0 quintals an acre

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

40% of India's moong (green gram) area is in these 10 districts

  1. 1 Nagaur Rajasthan 7.7% 10.0 lakh acres
  2. 2 Churu Rajasthan 6.6% 8.6 lakh acres
  3. 3 Pali Rajasthan 4.5% 5.9 lakh acres
  4. 4 Jodhpur Rajasthan 4.5% 5.8 lakh acres
  5. 5 Narmadapuram Madhya Pradesh 4.3% 5.6 lakh acres
  6. 6 Didwana-Kuchaman Rajasthan 3.2% 4.1 lakh acres
  7. 7 Ganganagar Rajasthan 2.7% 3.5 lakh acres
  8. 8 Narsimhapur Madhya Pradesh 2.4% 3.1 lakh acres
  9. 9 Raisen Madhya Pradesh 2.3% 3.0 lakh acres
  10. 10 Ajmer Rajasthan 2.2% 2.9 lakh acres

Moong (Green Gram) yield, quintals an acre (average of 2020-21 to 2024-25 in most districts)

  1. 0.6–1.7
  2. 1.8–2.5
  3. 2.6–3.0
  4. 3.1–3.7
  5. 3.8–7.2
No data

1 Numbers match the list: the districts with the most area.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2020-21 to 2024-25.

Where yields are highest

Districts growing it on at least 100 ha, against the average across India. The line runs from India's average to each district.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2020-21 to 2024-25.

Across India over the years

Yield across India, quintals an acre

0 1 q 2 q 3 q
2009-10 2024-25
Latest 2.3 quintals an acre in 2024-25

Area sown across India, acres

0 50 lakh 1 crore 1.5 crore
2009-10 2024-25
Latest 1.1 crore acres in 2024-25

Years run July to June. Only years in which most of the usual districts reported are shown.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2024-25.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be higher in districts with

  • More soil high in organic carbon weak 479 districts

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be lower in districts with

  • More soil low in organic carbon weak 479 districts
  • More soil low in nitrogen weak 424 districts
  • More soil short of zinc weak 475 districts
  • More soil short of iron weak 472 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).