Moong (Green Gram)

A monsoon crop. Sow in Jun–Jul, harvest in Aug–Sep.

Check it on your land
Season
Kharif
JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

64% of its area. Also grown in summer.
Ready in
70 days
about 2½ months
Water
260–330 mm
of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)
Grows best at
21–36 °C
0 °C survives 8–40 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Kharif 64% of its area
Summer 31% of its area
Today
J J A S O N D J F M A M
Sow Growing Harvest
The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Water
Season

Pick your place and water to see:

  • Whether Moong (Green Gram) suits your land Good fit, possible or won't work, with the reasons.
  • What it could earn an acre From yields near you and mandi prices.
  • Water and fertiliser it needs Irrigations for your water, and bags for one acre.

What it needs

Temperature

21–36 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 8–40 °C. Frost hurts it.

Water

260–330 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Nagaur Churu Jodhpur Pali Didwana-Kuchaman

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4.3 to 8.5.

Soil

  • Takes a little salt
  • Ordinary farm soil is fine
  • N Makes its own nitrogen
  • P Needs plenty of phosphorus and sulphur
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Draft: check with your KVK

For most fields

Urea nitrogen
4 kg less than a quarter of a 45 kg bag
DAP phosphate
35 kg about ¾ of a 50 kg bag
MOP potash
13 kg about ¼ of a 50 kg bag

Sulphur: 8 kg for one acre, from about 45 kg of gypsum or 65 kg of single super phosphate

Give the DAP and MOP at sowing, and the urea in two or three doses. If your soil card says a nutrient is low, add about a quarter more of it.

Watch out for

Draft: check with your KVK
  • Yellow mosaic
    Disease

    Look for

    Yellow patches on the leaves and short plants; spread by whitefly.

    What to do first

    Grow a resistant variety, pull out sick plants early and control whitefly.

  • Powdery mildew
    Disease

    Look for

    White powder on the leaves.

    What to do first

    Spray wettable sulphur when it appears. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

  • Pod borer
    Pest

    Look for

    Holes in pods with caterpillars feeding inside.

    What to do first

    Use pheromone traps and bird perches; spray when caterpillars are many. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and the usual price at harvest. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹3,500

Yield India's average
2.6 quintals an acre
× Price usual mandi price in Aug, Sep
₹6,821 a quintal
= Income
₹17,600
− Costs seed, fertiliser, labour and machines, as the government costs them
−₹14,000
= Left
₹3,500

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹14,100 to ₹21,100 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
April, ₹7,070 a quintal
Lowest
October, ₹6,350 a quintal
₹7,070
₹6,350
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis. Average of 2021–2025.

Government minimum support price (MSP): ₹8,780 a quintal for 2026-27. Every crop's MSP

Latest prices at mandis near you Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
107.8 lakh acres
2024-25
Average yield
2.3 quintals an acre (0.6 tonnes a hectare)
2024-25
Most area
Nagaur
Rajasthan
Best yield
Gir Somnath
6.0 quintals an acre

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

40% of India's moong (green gram) area is in these 10 districts

  1. 1 Nagaur Rajasthan 7.7% 10.0 lakh acres
  2. 2 Churu Rajasthan 6.6% 8.6 lakh acres
  3. 3 Pali Rajasthan 4.5% 5.9 lakh acres
  4. 4 Jodhpur Rajasthan 4.5% 5.8 lakh acres
  5. 5 Narmadapuram Madhya Pradesh 4.3% 5.6 lakh acres
  6. 6 Didwana-Kuchaman Rajasthan 3.2% 4.1 lakh acres
  7. 7 Ganganagar Rajasthan 2.7% 3.5 lakh acres
  8. 8 Narsimhapur Madhya Pradesh 2.4% 3.1 lakh acres
  9. 9 Raisen Madhya Pradesh 2.3% 3.0 lakh acres
  10. 10 Ajmer Rajasthan 2.2% 2.9 lakh acres

Moong (Green Gram) yield

  1. 0.6–1.8 quintals an acre
  2. 1.9–2.5 quintals an acre
  3. 2.6–3.0 quintals an acre
  4. 3.1–3.7 quintals an acre
  5. 3.8–7.2 quintals an acre
No data

1 Numbers match the list: the districts with the most area.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2024-25.

Where yields are highest

Districts growing it on at least 100 ha, against the average across India. The line runs from India's average to each district.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2024-25.

Across India over the years

Yield across India, quintals an acre

0 1 q 2 q 3 q
2009-10 2024-25
Latest 2.3 quintals an acre in 2024-25

Area sown across India, acres

0 50 lakh 1 crore 1.5 crore
2009-10 2024-25
Latest 107.8 lakh acres in 2024-25

Years run July to June. Only years in which most of the usual districts reported are shown.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2024-25.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be higher in districts with

  • More soil medium in nitrogen weak 434 districts
  • More soil high in organic carbon weak 477 districts

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be lower in districts with

  • More soil low in organic carbon weak 477 districts
  • More soil short of zinc weak 473 districts
  • More soil low in nitrogen weak 434 districts
  • More soil short of iron weak 470 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).