Moong (Green Gram)

A monsoon crop. Sow in Jun–Jul, harvest in Aug–Sep.

Check it on your land

Season

Kharif

JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

64% of its area. Also grown in summer.

Ready in

70 days

about 2½ months

Water

260–330 mm

of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)

Grows best at

21–36 °C

0 °C survives 8–40 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Kharif 64% of its area

Summer 31% of its area

Today

Sow Harvest

Sow

JJun JJul AAug SSep OOct NNov DDec JJan FFeb MMar AApr MMay

Sow Growing Harvest

The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Pick your place and water to see:

Whether Moong (Green Gram) suits your land Good fit, possible or won't work, with the reasons.
What it could earn an acre From yields near you and mandi prices.
Water and fertiliser it needs Irrigations for your water, and bags for one acre.

What it needs

Temperature

21–36 °C

best 21–36° 8° 40°

0 °C40 °C

Survives 8–40 °C. Frost hurts it.

Water

260–330 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Nagaur Churu Jodhpur Pali Didwana-Kuchaman

Soil pH

best 6.2–7.5

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4.3 to 8.5.

Soil

Takes a little salt
Ordinary farm soil is fine
N Makes its own nitrogen
P Needs plenty of phosphorus and sulphur

How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Draft: check with your KVK

For most fields

Urea nitrogen

4 kg less than a quarter of a 45 kg bag

DAP phosphate

35 kg about ¾ of a 50 kg bag

MOP potash

13 kg about ¼ of a 50 kg bag

Sulphur: 8 kg for one acre, from about 45 kg of gypsum or 65 kg of single super phosphate

Give the DAP and MOP at sowing, and the urea in two or three doses. If your soil card says a nutrient is low, add about a quarter more of it.

Watch out for

Draft: check with your KVK

Yellow mosaic

Disease

Look for

Yellow patches on the leaves and short plants; spread by whitefly.

What to do first

Grow a resistant variety, pull out sick plants early and control whitefly.
Powdery mildew

Disease

Look for

White powder on the leaves.

What to do first

Spray wettable sulphur when it appears. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.
Pod borer

Pest

Look for

Holes in pods with caterpillars feeding inside.

What to do first

Use pheromone traps and bird perches; spray when caterpillars are many. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and this year's price at harvest. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹4,900

Yield India's average: 2.6 quintals an acre
× Price mandi price at the 2026 harvest (Aug, Sep): ₹7,375 a quintal
= Income: ₹19,000
− Costs seed, fertiliser, labour and machines, as the government costs them: −₹14,000
= Left: ₹4,900

Sold at the support price (MSP, ₹8,780 a quintal) to government procurement, an acre would leave about ₹8,600. Procurement isn't open everywhere: ask at your mandi or agriculture office.

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹15,200 to ₹22,800 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month

October, ₹8,050 a quintal

Lowest

January, ₹6,020 a quintal

₹6,020

₹8,050

JJan FFeb MMar AApr MMay JJun JJul AAug SSep OOct NNov DDec

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis. Average of 2025–2026.

Government minimum support price (MSP): ₹8,780 a quintal for 2026-27. Every crop's MSP

Latest prices at mandis near you Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India: 107.8 lakh acres; 2024-25
Average yield: 2.3 quintals an acre (0.6 tonnes a hectare); 2024-25
Most area: Nagaur; Rajasthan
Best yield: Gir Somnath; 6.0 quintals an acre

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

Moong (Green Gram) yield

0.6–1.8 quintals an acre
1.9–2.5 quintals an acre
2.6–3.0 quintals an acre
3.1–3.7 quintals an acre
3.8–7.2 quintals an acre

No data

1 Numbers match the list: the districts with the most area.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2024-25.

Where yields are highest

Districts growing it on at least 100 ha, against the average across India. The line runs from India's average to each district.

Across India over the years

Yield across India, quintals an acre

0 1 q 2 q 3 q

2009-10 2024-25

Latest 2.3 quintals an acre in 2024-25

Area sown across India, acres

0 50 lakh 1 crore 1.5 crore

2009-10 2024-25

Latest 107.8 lakh acres in 2024-25

Years run July to June. Only years in which most of the usual districts reported are shown.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be higher in districts with

More soil medium in nitrogen weak 434 districts
More soil high in organic carbon weak 477 districts

Moong (Green Gram) yields tend to be lower in districts with

More soil low in organic carbon weak 477 districts
More soil short of zinc weak 473 districts
More soil low in nitrogen weak 434 districts
More soil short of iron weak 470 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).