Coconut

Planted once, harvested year after year.

Check it on your land

Season

Whole year

100% of its area.

Water

1,540–1,680 mm

over its season

Temperature

22–34 °C

0° survives 14–38 °C 40°

When to sow and harvest

Planted once at the start of the monsoon. It stays for years and gives a harvest every year.

Will it grow on your land?

Pick a place and water to see if it suits your land, and what it earns.

What it needs

Temperature

22–34 °C

best 22–34° 14° 38°

0 °C40 °C

Survives 14–38 °C. Frost hurts it.

Water

1,540–1,680 mm over its season

Tumakuru Kozhikode Hassan Malappuram Coimbatore

Worked out where most of it grows. Rain and irrigation together.

Soil pH

best 5–8

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4.3 to 8.7.

Soil

Takes a little salt
Ordinary farm soil is fine
K Needs plenty of potassium and boron

How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°).

Fertiliser for one acre

Draft: check with your KVK

Nitrogen

500 g

per tree, each year

Phosphate

320 g

per tree, each year

Potash

1,200 g

per tree, each year

For each palm a year, in two splits, with 50 kg farmyard manure

Give the DAP and MOP at sowing, and the urea in two or three doses. If your soil card says a nutrient is low, add about a quarter more of it.

Watch out for

Draft: check with your KVK

Rhinoceros beetle

Pest

Look for V-shaped cuts in opened fronds; holes in the crown.

First Hook out the beetles and keep manure pits clean; put neem cake in the leaf axils.
Red palm weevil

Pest

Look for Holes in the trunk oozing brown liquid; the crown wilts.

First Avoid wounding the trunk and use pheromone traps; call your KVK early.
Bud rot

Disease

Look for The youngest leaf turns yellow and wilts; the bud rots with a foul smell.

First Cut away the rotten part and apply Bordeaux paste; spray Bordeaux mixture before the monsoon.
Eriophyid mite

Pest

Look for Triangular brown patches on young nuts; nuts small and cracked.

First Feed the palm well; spray neem on the bunches.

Mandi price, month by month

No mandi prices for this crop yet.

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India: 20,91,602 ha; 2022-23
Most area: Tumakuru; Karnataka

States that grow it

Latest state figures for fruits, vegetables, spices and plantation crops.

Source: Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Districts with the most area (recent figures)

The map colours each district by yield, for districts growing it on at least 100 ha.

Coconut yield

No data

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2002-03 to 2022-23.

Across India over the years

Yield (t/ha)

Area (ha)

1.8M 1.9M 2.1M

2002-03 2022-23

Latest 20,91,602 ha in 2022-23

Only years in which most of the usual districts reported are shown.