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Your plan for North Garo Hills

Rabi Rain only

We checked 50 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: 43 of the crops that suit can still be sown this season. For 6 the sowing time is over.

Your land

Soil

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: zinc and boron.

Not in the score: sulphur.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 223 mm in Rabi

October–February, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 101 mm.

Temperature

Days about 26 °C, nights 16 °C in Rabi

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (2 nutrients)
  • Zinc

    From 2,607 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 56% Enough 44%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 1,991 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 67% Enough 33%

    7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Nitrogen

    From 2,600 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 41% Medium 59% High 1%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 2,601 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 43% Medium 56% High 1%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 2,602 soil tests

    Good

    Low 11% Medium 84% High 4%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 2,590 soil tests

    Good

    Low 7% Medium 33% High 60%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 2,584 soil tests

    Okay

    Acidic 48% Neutral 52%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

    If your field is acidic: add agricultural lime before sowing. A soil lab works out how much your field needs.

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 2,589 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Iron

    From 2,607 soil tests

    Good

    Short 9% Enough 91%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 2,595 soil tests

    Good

    Short 15% Enough 85%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 2,608 soil tests

    Good

    Short 6% Enough 94%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

The tests here for sulphur look like a testing error: almost every test reads the same, unlike the districts around. They aren't used.

Good fit 27

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹87,000–₹1.6 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 29 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,113 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,750 2021
    2. ₹7,000 2022
    3. ₹6,880 2023
    4. ₹6,250 2024
    5. ₹5,750 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in April.

    Typical costs are about ₹55,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around December

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹93,000–₹1.4 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹58,000–₹1.0 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 130 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 77 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹1,513 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,700 2022
    2. ₹2,400 2024

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹35,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹78,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹29,000–₹68,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 67 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,450 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,650 2021
    2. ₹1,930 2022
    3. ₹1,510 2023
    4. ₹2,180 2024
    5. ₹2,030 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹49,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Carrot

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹82,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹26,000–₹66,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 3–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Carrot: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.8–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 74 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,375 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,790 2021
    2. ₹2,050 2022
    3. ₹2,090 2023
    4. ₹2,240 2024
    5. ₹2,240 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹56,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹78,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹24,000–₹63,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 87 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,125 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,190 2021
    2. ₹1,530 2022
    3. ₹1,000 2023
    4. ₹1,670 2024
    5. ₹1,350 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹54,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 111 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹69,000–₹1.0 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹13,000–₹47,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 270 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 7–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Potato: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.2.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 40 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January 2026): about ₹2,125 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,580 2021
    2. ₹1,950 2022
    3. ₹2,150 2023
    4. ₹3,150 2024
    5. ₹2,500 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹56,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 38 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Green Peas

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹47,000–₹71,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹36,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–24 °C on average, and survives 4–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Green Peas: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 26 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,244 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,300 2021
    2. ₹4,640 2022
    3. ₹3,820 2023
    4. ₹5,000 2024
    5. ₹4,550 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹35,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Coriander

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 106 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹35,000–₹52,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹17,000–₹34,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 4–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Coriander: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.2 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,351 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,200 2021
    2. ₹9,530 2022
    3. ₹6,070 2023
    4. ₹6,250 2024
    5. ₹6,730 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹18,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Sesame (Til)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 195 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹26,000–₹39,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹11,000–₹24,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sesame (Til): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,733 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹7,840 2021
    2. ₹9,550 2022
    3. ₹13,310 2023
    4. ₹11,590 2024
    5. ₹8,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 3.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Fenugreek (Methi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹28,000–₹42,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹23,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 13–27 °C on average, and survives 5–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Fenugreek (Methi): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 7.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,199 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,800 2021
    2. ₹4,910 2022
    3. ₹5,790 2023
    4. ₹5,260 2024
    5. ₹4,560 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 22

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Brinjal

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around April

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹61,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year (70 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–35 °C on average, and survives 9–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C
    • Mar 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Apr 31 °C / 21 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Brinjal: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 56 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 70% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 70% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (April 2026): about ₹3,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹50,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Tomato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.2 lakh–₹1.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹71,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 390 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 80 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–27 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tomato: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 65 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹3,163 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,950 2021
    2. ₹2,700 2022
    3. ₹4,150 2024

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹47,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Garlic

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    This season's sowing time (October) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹87,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹834 to a profit of ₹43,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 80 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Garlic: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.6.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 13 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 75% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 75% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March 2026): about ₹11,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹88,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Green Chillies

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around April

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹79,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1,000–₹41,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year (70 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C
    • Mar 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Apr 31 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Green Chillies: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 45 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 70% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 70% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (April–May 2026): about ₹3,113 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,510 2021
    2. ₹3,050 2022
    3. ₹2,780 2023
    4. ₹3,560 2024
    5. ₹3,050 2025

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹77,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹51,000–₹77,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3,000–₹29,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 380 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 80 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 32 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 74% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 74% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹2,688 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,530 2021
    2. ₹3,430 2022
    3. ₹2,630 2023
    4. ₹4,000 2024
    5. ₹3,610 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹48,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 279 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹19,000–₹28,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 70 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.6 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,592 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,510 2021
    2. ₹5,430 2022
    3. ₹6,340 2023
    4. ₹7,030 2024
    5. ₹5,820 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹10,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 7.0 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Ajwain

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around April

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹28,000–₹41,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹802–₹15,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year (70 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–24 °C on average, and survives 10–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C
    • Mar 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Apr 31 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Ajwain: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (April–May 2026): about ₹11,370 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹10,670 2021
    2. ₹9,130 2022
    3. ₹12,710 2023
    4. ₹11,780 2024
    5. ₹8,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹27,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Fennel

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around April

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹34,000–₹51,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹990–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year (70 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 6–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C
    • Mar 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Apr 31 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Fennel: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (April–May 2026): about ₹9,049 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,910 2021
    2. ₹11,040 2022
    3. ₹16,000 2023
    4. ₹6,590 2024
    5. ₹6,980 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹33,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Cumin

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹33,000–₹49,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹425–₹17,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 10 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–26 °C on average, and survives 9–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cumin: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.8–8.3.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.0 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹19,375 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹11,940 2021
    2. ₹18,820 2022
    3. ₹40,000 2023
    4. ₹22,700 2024
    5. ₹18,340 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹33,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Barley

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹15,000–₹23,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Warm in November
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 30 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–20 °C on average, and survives 2–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 28 °C / 18 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 25 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 23 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 27 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Mar 30 °C / 18 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Barley: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: sulphur.

    • Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 12 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹2,112 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,286 a quintal (2027-28), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,650 2021
    2. ₹2,500 2022
    3. ₹1,890 2023
    4. ₹2,130 2024
    5. ₹2,300 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹18,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

1 crop won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).