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Your plan for Kondagaon

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen, zinc and iron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 1,161 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 1,048 mm.

Temperature

Days about 30 °C, nights 23 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (3 nutrients)
  • Nitrogen

    From 11,305 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 80% Medium 20%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Zinc

    From 11,305 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 92% Enough 8%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 11,305 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 53% Enough 47%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Phosphorus

    From 11,306 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 32% Medium 44% High 24%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 11,306 soil tests

    Good

    Low 10% Medium 59% High 31%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 11,305 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 39% Medium 60% High 2%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 11,304 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 2% Neutral 98%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 11,302 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 11,308 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 22% Enough 78%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 11,156 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 42% Enough 58%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 2 kg of copper sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 11,308 soil tests

    Good

    Short 12% Enough 88%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 11,306 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 36% Enough 64%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Good fit 35

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 256 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.2 lakh–₹1.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹58,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 430 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 800 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 37 quintals an acre here (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹4,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,850 2021
    2. ₹2,100 2022
    3. ₹2,000 2023
    4. ₹2,400 2024

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 36 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Cucumber

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹68,000–₹1.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 570 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–32 °C on average, and survives 6–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cucumber: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 80 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,450 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,460 2021
    2. ₹1,810 2022
    3. ₹1,790 2023
    4. ₹2,030 2024
    5. ₹1,980 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹88,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Bitter Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹55,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 790 mm it can use in a normal year, and 670 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–30 °C on average, and survives 15–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bitter Gourd: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 51 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,375 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,950 2021
    2. ₹3,180 2022
    3. ₹2,950 2023
    4. ₹3,000 2024

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹84,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Okra (Bhindi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹54,000–₹1.1 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 740 mm it can use in a normal year, and 630 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 12–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Okra (Bhindi): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 45 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹3,050 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,350 2021
    2. ₹2,150 2022
    3. ₹3,210 2023
    4. ₹2,500 2024

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹56,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Jute

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in May, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (March–May) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹73,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 440 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 760 mm it can use in a normal year, and 660 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–37 °C on average, and survives 13–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • May 39 °C / 25 °C
    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jute: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹12,950 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,925 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,580 2021
    2. ₹6,050 2022
    3. ₹5,200 2023
    4. ₹5,000 2024
    5. ₹6,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹40,000–₹96,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 830 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 35 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹4,024 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,530 2021
    2. ₹3,430 2022
    3. ₹2,630 2023
    4. ₹4,000 2024
    5. ₹3,610 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹72,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Brinjal

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹33,000–₹90,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 530 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 830 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–35 °C on average, and survives 9–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 15 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Brinjal: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 76 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹1,850 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,280 2021
    2. ₹1,450 2022
    3. ₹1,100 2023
    4. ₹1,630 2024

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹80,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Green Chillies

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹87,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹38,000–₹81,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 530 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 830 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 15 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Green Chillies: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 29 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹3,800 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,900 2021
    2. ₹3,300 2022
    3. ₹2,010 2023
    4. ₹2,700 2024

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹49,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹87,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹28,000–₹72,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 150 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 430 mm it can use in a normal year, and 340 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 60 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,800 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹980 2021
    2. ₹1,100 2022
    3. ₹1,150 2023
    4. ₹1,350 2024

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Pumpkin

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹66,000–₹98,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹19,000–₹52,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 790 mm it can use in a normal year, and 670 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Pumpkin: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 55 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,500 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,070 2021
    2. ₹1,360 2022
    3. ₹1,220 2023
    4. ₹1,550 2024
    5. ₹1,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹46,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 20

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.8 lakh–₹2.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹44,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 740 mm it can use in a normal year, and 630 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 82 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,700 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,150 2021
    2. ₹2,240 2022
    3. ₹2,750 2023
    4. ₹2,350 2024

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.3 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.5 lakh–₹2.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹45,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 270 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 500 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 40 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹4,750 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,240 2021
    2. ₹4,230 2022
    3. ₹4,000 2023
    4. ₹4,560 2024
    5. ₹4,800 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹82,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹45,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 740 mm it can use in a normal year, and 630 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 76 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,350 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹900 2021
    2. ₹1,450 2022
    3. ₹1,000 2023
    4. ₹1,500 2024

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹78,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Tur (Arhar)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 110 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹13,000–₹20,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹6,000 to a profit of ₹423 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 560 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 830 mm it can use in a normal year, and 700 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–38 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 11 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Tur (Arhar): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,500 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,450 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,740 2021
    2. ₹5,750 2022
    3. ₹8,120 2023
    4. ₹9,380 2024
    5. ₹6,260 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 3.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 2%
  5. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹7,000–₹10,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹1,000–₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 640 mm it can use in a normal year, and 540 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (October 2026): about ₹3,377 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Moong (Green Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 132 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹8,000–₹12,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹2,000–₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 210 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.2–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹6,695 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in April.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.5 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 100%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 100%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 100%
  7. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 29 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹27,000–₹41,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹13,000 to a profit of ₹343 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 790 mm it can use in a normal year, and 670 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹5,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,030 2021
    2. ₹4,770 2022
    3. ₹4,740 2023
    4. ₹5,000 2024
    5. ₹5,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 8.8 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Cotton

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹16,000–₹25,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹3,000–₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 580 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 830 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 28 °C / 15 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cotton: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹7,350 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,180 2021
    2. ₹9,050 2022
    3. ₹7,000 2023
    4. ₹7,050 2024
    5. ₹7,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Rice

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 2.7 lakh acres here. Sold at 13 mandis in your district.

    ₹16,000–₹23,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹5,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 1,000 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 940 mm it can use in a normal year, and 820 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–36 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Rice: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals of paddy an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,850 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,441 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,430 2021
    2. ₹1,380 2022
    3. ₹1,530 2023
    4. ₹1,880 2024
    5. ₹1,900 2025

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹29,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 14 quintals of paddy an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 63% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 63%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 28%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 19%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 11%
  10. Tobacco

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹12,000–₹19,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹5,000–₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 400 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 800 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–30 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 29 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Tobacco: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October 2026): about ₹6,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,450 2021
    2. ₹6,550 2022
    3. ₹5,850 2023

    Prices are usually best in May.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).