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Your plan for Viluppuram

Rabi Rain only

We checked 52 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: 43 of the crops that suit can still be sown this season. For 7 the sowing time is over.

Your land

Soil

6

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen, organic carbon, iron and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 710 mm in Rabi

October–February, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 507 mm.

Temperature

Days about 31 °C, nights 22 °C in Rabi

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (4 nutrients)
  • Nitrogen

    From 33,207 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 33,191 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 80% Medium 15% High 5%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • Iron

    From 33,212 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 65% Enough 35%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 33,196 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 76% Enough 24%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Phosphorus

    From 33,204 soil tests

    Good

    Low 11% Medium 34% High 55%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 33,211 soil tests

    Good

    Low 10% Medium 70% High 20%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • pH

    From 33,161 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 1% Neutral 98% Alkaline 1%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 33,188 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 98% Salty 2%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 33,212 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 42% Enough 58%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 33,200 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 32% Enough 68%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 33,169 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 33,211 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 47% Enough 53%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

Good fit 26

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹4.4 lakh–₹6.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3.0 lakh–₹5.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 70 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 94 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March 2026): about ₹5,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 39 acres here. Sold at 1 mandi in your district.

    ₹2.8 lakh–₹4.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.2 lakh–₹3.6 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 87 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹4,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹55,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Garlic

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    This season's sowing time (October) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹2.6 lakh–₹3.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.7 lakh–₹3.0 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 480 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 70 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Garlic: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.6.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 24 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹13,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹88,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Brinjal

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.0 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹83,000–₹1.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 550 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 90 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–35 °C on average, and survives 9–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C
    • Mar 34 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Brinjal: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 54 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹3,125 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹53,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 57% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 97%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 57%
    • Ammonium Sulphate 43%
    • Urea 43%
  5. Tomato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹60,000–₹1.4 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 480 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–27 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tomato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 124 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹1,563 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹95,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹77,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 150 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 180 mm it can use in a normal year (130 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 80 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 66 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January 2026): about ₹2,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹30,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Green Chillies

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹48,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 550 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 90 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C
    • Mar 34 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Green Chillies: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 45 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹3,938 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹95,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 642 acres here. Sold at 13 mandis in your district.

    ₹65,000–₹98,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹43,000–₹76,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 400 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 22 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹3,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,600 2021
    2. ₹2,130 2022
    3. ₹2,160 2023
    4. ₹2,700 2024
    5. ₹3,800 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 27 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 99% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 99%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 97%
    • Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate / Nitrogen Phosphate 76%
    • Ammonium Sulphate 55%
  9. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 919 acres here. Sold at 15 mandis in your district.

    ₹32,000–₹47,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹20,000–₹36,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 370 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 50 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹3,671 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,300 2021
    2. ₹3,040 2022
    3. ₹2,650 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 13 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 59% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 59%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 42%
    • NPK Mixture 17%
    • Ammonium Sulphate 1%
  10. Ragi (Finger Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 1,645 acres here. Sold at 15 mandis in your district.

    ₹31,000–₹46,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹10,000–₹25,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Ragi (Finger Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹3,644 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,205 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,270 2021
    2. ₹2,200 2022
    3. ₹2,920 2023
    4. ₹3,420 2024
    5. ₹3,500 2025

    Prices are usually best in April.

    Typical costs are about ₹21,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 16 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 24

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹2.5 lakh–₹3.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.8 lakh–₹3.0 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 400 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 109 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,938 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹79,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Carrot

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.4 lakh–₹3.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.7 lakh–₹2.9 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 400 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 3–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Carrot: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.8–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 102 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February 2026): about ₹3,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹77,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹2.0 lakh–₹3.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 400 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 97 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,625 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹60,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Green Peas

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.0 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹93,000–₹1.6 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 380 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 50 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–24 °C on average, and survives 4–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Green Peas: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 32 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,263 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹43,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.8 lakh–₹2.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.1 lakh–₹2.0 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 370 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 39 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹74,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around March

    Sowing time is now.

    Grown on 23,134 acres here. Sold at 17 mandis in your district.

    ₹77,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹37,000–₹75,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 390 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 210 mm it can use in a normal year (130 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 70 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 14 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹6,750 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹8,410 2021
    2. ₹8,900 2022
    3. ₹9,870 2023
    4. ₹8,000 2024
    5. ₹6,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 14 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 89%
    • Urea 74%
    • Gypsum 51%
    • Mono-Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) 5%
  7. Fennel

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹52,000–₹77,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹18,000–₹44,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 540 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 90 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 6–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Mar 34 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Fennel: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹9,711 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,910 2021
    2. ₹11,040 2022
    3. ₹16,000 2023
    4. ₹6,590 2024
    5. ₹6,980 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹34,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Ajwain

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around March

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹38,000–₹57,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹31,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 540 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 90 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–24 °C on average, and survives 10–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Feb 32 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Mar 34 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Ajwain: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹11,104 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹10,670 2021
    2. ₹9,130 2022
    3. ₹12,710 2023
    4. ₹11,780 2024
    5. ₹8,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹26,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹61,000–₹92,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹36,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 410 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 70 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 7–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.2.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 80 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹950 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,060 2021
    2. ₹1,370 2022
    3. ₹1,100 2023
    4. ₹2,050 2024
    5. ₹1,250 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹56,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Peas & Beans (Dry)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹20,000–₹30,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹15,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in October
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year (260 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 60 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–24 °C on average, and survives 4–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 29 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Peas & Beans (Dry): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.0 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹4,209 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,590 2021
    2. ₹4,810 2022
    3. ₹4,930 2023
    4. ₹5,190 2024
    5. ₹4,240 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

2 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).