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Your plan for Vellore

Whole year Rain only

We checked 51 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

Your land

Soil

6

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen, organic carbon, zinc, iron and boron.

Not in the score: manganese.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 1,108 mm in Whole year

January–December, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 759 mm.

Temperature

Days about 33 °C, nights 23 °C in Whole year

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (5 nutrients)

  • Nitrogen

    From 12,645 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 12,639 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 64% Medium 29% High 8%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • Zinc

    From 12,643 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 51% Enough 49%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 12,646 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 85% Enough 15%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 12,640 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 70% Enough 30%

    7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results

  • Phosphorus

    From 12,647 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 48% Medium 37% High 15%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 12,647 soil tests

    Good

    Low 17% Medium 45% High 39%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • pH

    From 12,639 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 1% Neutral 89% Alkaline 9%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out alkaline

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 12,641 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 97% Salty 3%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 12,647 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 31% Enough 69%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 12,625 soil tests

    Good

    Short 10% Enough 90%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

The tests here for manganese look like a testing error: almost every test reads the same, unlike the districts around. They aren't used.

Good fit 2

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Pineapple

    Holds the land all year

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹6.9 lakh–₹10.4 lakh

    per acre a year, before costs

    once bearing, from about year 2

    After typical costs: ₹5.5 lakh–₹9.0 lakh an acre a year

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 630 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 650 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–30 °C on average, and survives 10–36 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 25 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 25 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 19 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 20 °C
    • Mar 35 °C / 22 °C
    • Apr 37 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • May 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Pineapple: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: manganese.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 4.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 124 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 2 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (July 2026): about ₹7,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Dragon Fruit

    Holds the land all year

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop.

    No price yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 630 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 650 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 12–34 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 32 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 19 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 20 °C
    • Mar 35 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)
    • Apr 37 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • May 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Dragon Fruit: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: manganese.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 5.3–6.7.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 25 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 2 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

    No mandi or support price for this crop yet.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 1

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Tapioca (Cassava)

    Holds the land all year

    Grown on 127 acres here. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 9 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 9 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 1,060 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 650 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–29 °C on average, and survives 10–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 25 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Dec 29 °C / 19 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Feb 32 °C / 20 °C
    • Mar 35 °C / 22 °C
    • Apr 37 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
    • May 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jun 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tapioca (Cassava): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: manganese.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 151 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price through the year (December 2025–November 2026): about ₹3,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,750 a quintal, the middle of 7 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov).

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹2.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 99% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 99%
48 crops won't work here See why for each one

4 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).