Your plan for Pudukkottai

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 320 mm it can use in a normal year, and 200 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Ragi (Finger Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 6.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (your district's own figure looked wrong).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹3,808 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹5,205 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in December.

Typical costs are about ₹21,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 560 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 450 mm it can use in a normal year, and 200 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–39 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Castor Seed: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 7.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (your district's own figure looked wrong).

On rain alone it gets about 81% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 81% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,106 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹24,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 510 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year, and 210 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 12–25 °C on average, and survives 4–33 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 29 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Onion: 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 30 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

On rain alone it gets about 83% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 83% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹3,406 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Prices are usually best in September.

Typical costs are about ₹74,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 650 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 490 mm it can use in a normal year, and 250 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Cotton: 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 4.1 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here (district figures).

On rain alone it gets about 75% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 75% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹7,445 a quintal across India's mandis.

Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

Prices are usually best in October.

Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 610 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 480 mm it can use in a normal year, and 240 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 18–38 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Tur (Arhar): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 1.9 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹8,450 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in January.

Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C

Soil

Soil for Groundnut: 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

Money

Yield: about 7.3 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

On rain alone it gets about 52% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 52% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹6,250 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 590 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 450 mm it can use in a normal year, and 200 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Chillies (Dry): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 2.4 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

On rain alone it gets about 76% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 76% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹14,188 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹1.2 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 14 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 1,110 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year, and 330 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–36 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Rice: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 18 quintals of paddy an acre here in this season (district figures).

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹3,207 a quintal at mandis in your district.

Minimum support price: ₹2,441 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in January.

Typical costs are about ₹29,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 430 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 210 mm it can use in a normal year, and 130 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C

Soil

Soil for Maize: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 27 quintals an acre here (district figures).

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,770 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

Prices are usually best in January.

Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 150 mm it can use in a normal year, and 90 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C

Soil

Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

Money

Yield: about 3.2 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹8,113 a quintal across India's mandis.

Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in October.

Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 180 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Aug 35 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Sesame (Til): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 2.1 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹14,000 a quintal across India's mandis.

Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.