Your plan for Madurai

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

Money

Yield: about 11 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,808 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 230 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
• Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

Money

Yield: about 2.3 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (February 2026): about ₹8,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in February.

Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (90 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 20 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 5–41 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Turnip: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

No yield records for this crop yet.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹1,088 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in September.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 180 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Sep 35 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Cauliflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 109 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹3,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Prices are usually best in September.

Typical costs are about ₹95,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 180 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Sep 35 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Cabbage: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 97 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹3,000 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹71,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
• Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 39 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

On rain alone it gets about 82% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 82% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,575 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Prices are usually best in May.

Typical costs are about ₹74,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Maize: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 23 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹3,375 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

Prices are usually best in January.

Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 160 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 160 mm it can use in a normal year, and 90 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Radish: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 66 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹925 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in August.

Typical costs are about ₹30,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 270 mm it can use in a normal year, and 180 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Sep 35 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

Money

Yield: about 6.8 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹3,200 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in March.

Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 9 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 640 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 190 mm it can use in a normal year (110 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 20 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C
• Feb 32 °C / 22 °C
• Mar 35 °C / 24 °C

Soil

Soil for Cotton: 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 4.2 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price at last season's harvest (April–May 2026): about ₹7,843 a quintal across India's mandis.

Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

Prices are usually best in October.

Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
• Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

On rain alone it gets about 80% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 80% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,592 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹10,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 13–27 °C on average, and survives 5–32 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Fenugreek (Methi): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
• Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
• Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 7.0–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 6.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,199 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year (100 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 40 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 33 °C / 24 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 22 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Sesame (Til): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 2.3 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

On rain alone it gets about 80% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 80% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,733 a quintal across India's mandis.

Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.