Change farm details

Your plan for Idukki

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen and sulphur.

Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 1,056 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 780 mm.

Temperature

Days about 26 °C, nights 19 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (2 nutrients)
  • Nitrogen

    From 5,091 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Sulphur

    From 7,998 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 77% Enough 23%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Phosphorus

    From 7,999 soil tests

    Good

    Low 15% Medium 24% High 61%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 7,998 soil tests

    Good

    Low 16% Medium 38% High 46%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Salt

    From 7,952 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 99% Salty 1%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Zinc

    From 7,995 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 33% Enough 67%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 7,996 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 7,993 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 8,000 soil tests

    Good

    Short 8% Enough 92%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 7,980 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 30% Enough 70%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

The tests here for organic carbon and pH look like a testing error: almost every test reads the same, unlike the districts around. They aren't used.

Good fit 42

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 12 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.6 lakh–₹3.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.0 lakh–₹3.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 730 mm it can use in a normal year, and 520 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 58 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹5,650 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹5,850 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 11 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹2.8 lakh a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,970 2022
    2. ₹4,500 2023
    3. ₹4,130 2024
    4. ₹3,550 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 8 mandis in your district.

    ₹3.9 lakh–₹5.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.7 lakh–₹4.6 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 850 mm it can use in a normal year, and 620 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 62 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹8,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹8,000 a quintal, the middle of 4 mandis in your district (latest 11 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹3.7 lakh a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,200 2021
    2. ₹6,250 2022
    3. ₹7,450 2024

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.3 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 9 mandis in your district.

    ₹3.9 lakh–₹5.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.5 lakh–₹4.4 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 84 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹5,750 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,500 2022
    2. ₹4,500 2024

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Brinjal

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 11 mandis in your district.

    ₹3.0 lakh–₹4.5 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.2 lakh–₹3.7 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 890 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–35 °C on average, and survives 9–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 26 °C / 18 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Brinjal: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 78 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹4,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹4,500 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis in your district (latest 11 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹2.7 lakh a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,600 2021
    2. ₹2,850 2022
    3. ₹3,000 2023
    4. ₹4,200 2024

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹81,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • NPK Mixture 4%
  5. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 13 mandis in your district.

    ₹3.1 lakh–₹4.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2.1 lakh–₹3.7 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 97 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹4,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.0 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 99% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 99%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 68%
    • NPK Mixture 10%
  6. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 10 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.8 lakh–₹4.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.9 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 520 mm it can use in a normal year, and 380 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 45 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹7,675 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,060 2021
    2. ₹4,120 2022
    3. ₹4,520 2023
    4. ₹6,310 2024
    5. ₹5,800 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.2 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 81%
    • NPK Mixture 47%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 37%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 2%
  7. Okra (Bhindi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 11 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.3 lakh–₹3.4 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.8 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 12–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Okra (Bhindi): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 54 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹5,350 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,160 2021
    2. ₹2,750 2022
    3. ₹4,000 2023
    4. ₹4,400 2024
    5. ₹4,250 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹66,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Green Chillies

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 10 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.1 lakh–₹3.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 890 mm it can use in a normal year, and 690 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 26 °C / 18 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Green Chillies: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 45 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹5,950 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹7,000 a quintal, the middle of 4 mandis in your district (latest 11 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹2.4 lakh a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,500 2021
    2. ₹4,000 2022
    3. ₹4,650 2023
    4. ₹5,430 2024
    5. ₹5,780 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹77,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Turmeric

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in May, harvest around January

    This season's sowing time (May–June) is over.

    Grown on 454 acres here. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.2 lakh–₹3.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹83,000–₹1.9 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 790 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 1,130 mm it can use in a normal year, and 920 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–28 °C on average, and survives 18–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • May 29 °C / 20 °C
    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 26 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 26 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Turmeric: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 16 quintals an acre here (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹17,600 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹20,813 a quintal, the middle of 22 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹1.9 lakh a season after typical costs.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 12 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Nitro Phosphate 2%
    • NPK Mixture 1%
    • Urea 1%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 1%
  10. Cucumber

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around August

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 10 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.8 lakh–₹2.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.2 lakh–₹2.1 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 480 mm it can use in a normal year, and 350 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–32 °C on average, and survives 6–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cucumber: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 58 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (August–September 2026): about ₹3,900 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,700 2021
    2. ₹1,400 2022
    3. ₹1,900 2023
    4. ₹3,000 2024
    5. ₹2,900 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹63,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 13

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹18,000–₹28,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 550 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹8,300 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹8,781 a quintal, the middle of 24 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹15,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,510 2021
    2. ₹5,430 2022
    3. ₹6,340 2023
    4. ₹7,030 2024
    5. ₹5,820 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹9,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Guar Seed (Cluster Bean)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹13,000–₹19,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Guar Seed (Cluster Bean): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 7.5–8.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.4 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹6,556 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹7,725 a quintal, the middle of 26 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹12,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,780 2021
    2. ₹5,300 2022
    3. ₹5,150 2023
    4. ₹4,900 2024
    5. ₹4,640 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹6,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹15,000–₹22,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3,000–₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 230 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 530 mm it can use in a normal year, and 390 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 7.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,345 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹2,600 a quintal, the middle of 206 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹9,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,340 2021
    2. ₹2,010 2022
    3. ₹2,190 2023
    4. ₹2,300 2024
    5. ₹2,270 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Moth Bean

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around August

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹8,000–₹11,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹7,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 480 mm it can use in a normal year, and 350 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 24–32 °C on average, and survives 13–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Moth Bean: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.2. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (August–September 2026): about ₹8,600 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹9,750 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis across India (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹7,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,910 2021
    2. ₹6,570 2022
    3. ₹6,320 2023
    4. ₹5,950 2024
    5. ₹6,330 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹4,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 28 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹18,000–₹26,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹4,000 to a profit of ₹4,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 9.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,350 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹2,700 a quintal, the middle of 495 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹3,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,580 2021
    2. ₹2,020 2022
    3. ₹2,010 2023
    4. ₹2,230 2024
    5. ₹2,150 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 17 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Sesame (Til)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 0.5 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹11,000–₹17,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 270 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 550 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sesame (Til): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹12,500 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹14,050 a quintal, the middle of 81 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹1,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹7,840 2021
    2. ₹9,550 2022
    3. ₹13,310 2023
    4. ₹11,590 2024
    5. ₹8,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 3.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 100% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Nitro Phosphate 100%
  7. Ragi (Finger Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–August) is over.

    Grown on 177 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹15,000–₹23,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹6,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 670 mm it can use in a normal year, and 460 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Ragi (Finger Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,501 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹3,500 a quintal, the middle of 46 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹2,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,205 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,260 2021
    2. ₹2,280 2022
    3. ₹2,800 2023
    4. ₹3,300 2024
    5. ₹3,530 2025

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹21,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 6.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Jowar (Sorghum)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹8,000–₹13,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹4,000 to a profit of ₹113 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 670 mm it can use in a normal year, and 460 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,701 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹3,700 a quintal, the middle of 125 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹2,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,820 2021
    2. ₹2,180 2022
    3. ₹3,330 2023
    4. ₹2,760 2024
    5. ₹2,590 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Sunflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹16,000–₹24,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹7,000 to a profit of ₹987 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 270 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 580 mm it can use in a normal year, and 420 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–34 °C on average, and survives 5–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sunflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹7,446 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹7,400 a quintal, the middle of 21 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹3,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,343 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,570 2021
    2. ₹5,590 2022
    3. ₹4,440 2023
    4. ₹4,340 2024
    5. ₹4,960 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Tobacco

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹14,000–₹20,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹3,000–₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 390 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 730 mm it can use in a normal year, and 520 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–30 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 27 °C / 20 °C
    • Jul 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Aug 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Sep 26 °C / 19 °C
    • Oct 26 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Tobacco: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    Not in the score: organic carbon and pH.

    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.5. We have no pH figures for this place.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,609 a quintal across India's mandis.

    This week: about ₹3,136 a quintal, the middle of 8 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹3,000 a season at typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,650 2021
    2. ₹4,490 2022
    3. ₹4,570 2023
    4. ₹5,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).