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Your plan for Koppal

Rabi Rain only

We checked 52 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: 7 of the crops that suit can still be sown this season. For 1 the sowing time is over.

Your land

Soil

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: sulphur, zinc and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 125 mm in Rabi

October–February, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 71 mm.

Temperature

Days about 31 °C, nights 19 °C in Rabi

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (3 nutrients)

  • Sulphur

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 69% Enough 31%

    7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 76% Enough 24%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 66% Enough 34%

    7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results

  • Nitrogen

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 37% Medium 27% High 36%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Low 2% Medium 8% High 90%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Low 10% Medium 33% High 56%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 28% Medium 15% High 57%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 1% Neutral 97% Alkaline 2%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 94% Salty 6%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Iron

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 33% Enough 67%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Short 2% Enough 98%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 33,985 soil tests

    Good

    Short 5% Enough 95%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

Good fit 0

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Nothing fits well this season. Look at the crops below that are possible with effort, or try another season.

Possible, with effort 8

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 35,349 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹19,000–₹28,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 7 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 7 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 40 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 13 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,855 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,630 2021
    2. ₹2,150 2022
    3. ₹2,110 2023
    4. ₹2,280 2024
    5. ₹2,300 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 12 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      About 16% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      About 16% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 89%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 50%
    • Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 19%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 16%

  2. Horse Gram (Kulthi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 13,764 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹5,000–₹8,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹754 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 7 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 7 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 40 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–28 °C on average, and survives 17–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Horse Gram (Kulthi): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March 2026): about ₹3,700 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,600 2023
    2. ₹5,740 2024

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹6,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 80%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 62%

  3. Jowar (Sorghum)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in September, harvest around January

    This season's sowing time (September–October) is over.

    Grown on 49,101 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹7,000–₹11,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹2,000–₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 5 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 100 mm it can use in a normal year, and 70 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Sep 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.0 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,960 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,850 2021
    2. ₹2,210 2022
    3. ₹3,700 2023
    4. ₹2,990 2024
    5. ₹2,540 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 9.2 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 45%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 19%
    • Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 18%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 3%

  4. Sunflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 4,309 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹13,000–₹19,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 6 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 6 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 40 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–34 °C on average, and survives 5–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sunflower: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.4 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,593 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,343 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,880 2021
    2. ₹5,960 2022
    3. ₹4,660 2023
    4. ₹4,640 2024
    5. ₹5,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 78%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 46%
    • Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 16%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 12%

  5. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around March

    Sowing time is now.

    Grown on 72,051 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹26,000–₹39,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹1,000–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 9 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 9 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 420 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Feb 33 °C / 19 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.5 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹5,910 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,400 2023
    2. ₹6,330 2024

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 9.0 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 95%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 67%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 24%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 7%

  6. Gram (Chana)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 1.7 lakh acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹7,000–₹11,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹8,000–₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 6 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 6 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 40 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–29 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Gram (Chana): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 6.0–8.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March 2026): about ₹5,211 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,958 a quintal (2027-28), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 7.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      About 29% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      About 29% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 80%
    • Urea 79%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 29%

  7. Wheat

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around March

    Sowing time is now.

    Grown on 2,662 acres here. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹10,000–₹15,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹9,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 10 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Very hot in February
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 10 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 5–27 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C
    • Feb 33 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Mar 36 °C / 22 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Days in February get hotter than it likes. Time sowing so it flowers before then.

    Soil

    Soil for Wheat: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 6.0–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (March–April 2026): about ₹2,323 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,610 a quintal (2027-28), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 16 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      About 18% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      About 18% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 94%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 79%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 18%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 6%

  8. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 8,796 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 5 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 40 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 0 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    The government's farm census has no figure for Cowpea (Lobia) alone. About 47% of other pulses (tur, peas, lobia and more) in your district is grown on rain alone.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 30 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 30 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 30 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.5 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,612 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,800 2021
    2. ₹6,130 2022
    3. ₹7,540 2023
    4. ₹7,530 2024
    5. ₹6,390 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹10,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

44 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).