Change farm details

Your plan for Dharwad

Kharif Rain only

We checked 56 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

8

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: zinc and iron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 442 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 297 mm.

Temperature

Days about 28 °C, nights 21 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (2 nutrients)

  • Zinc

    From 18,649 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 78% Enough 22%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 62% Enough 38%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results

  • Nitrogen

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Low 3% Medium 95% High 2%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Low 1% Medium 89% High 9%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Low 1% Medium 44% High 55%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Low 2% Medium 77% High 21%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Neutral 85% Alkaline 15%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out alkaline

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 48% Enough 52%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Good

    Short 6% Enough 94%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 18,650 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 46% Enough 54%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Good fit 0

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Nothing fits well this season. Look at the crops below that are possible with effort, or try another season.

Possible, with effort 53

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Chillies (Dry)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (July–August) is over.

    Grown on 65,542 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.2 lakh–₹1.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹74,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 8 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 8 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 580 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 230 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 30 °C / 16 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Chillies (Dry): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.0 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹25,762 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹24,000 a quintal, the middle of 11 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹32,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹9,540 2021
    2. ₹13,820 2023
    3. ₹11,200 2024
    4. ₹13,190 2025

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 8.8 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 96%
    • Urea 69%

  2. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.4 lakh acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹28,000–₹41,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹19,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 210 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 14 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,517 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,018 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis in your district (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹19,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,510 2021
    2. ₹2,090 2022
    3. ₹2,080 2023
    4. ₹2,180 2024
    5. ₹2,240 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 14 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 86%
    • Urea 86%
    • Urea Ammonium Phosphate 5%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 2%

  3. Soybean

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 89,954 acres here. Sold at 6 mandis in your district.

    ₹18,000–₹26,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1,000–₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 210 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–33 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Soybean: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹6,004 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹7,100 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis in your district (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹10,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,708 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,820 2021
    2. ₹6,110 2022
    3. ₹4,740 2023
    4. ₹4,280 2024
    5. ₹4,310 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹16,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 5.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 89%
    • Urea 67%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 1%

  4. Cotton

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.2 lakh acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹25,000–₹38,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹2,000 to a profit of ₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 7 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 7 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 610 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cotton: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.8 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹8,200 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹9,506 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 11 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹9,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,500 2021
    2. ₹9,100 2022

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 6.6 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 98%
    • Urea 76%
    • Urea Ammonium Phosphate 8%
    • NPK Mixture 1%

  5. Urad (Black Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 21,244 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹13,000–₹19,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹1,000 to a profit of ₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 150 mm it can use in a normal year, and 80 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.8 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹8,670 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹7,313 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹543 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,280 2021
    2. ₹4,980 2022
    3. ₹5,760 2023

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.5 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 79%
    • Urea 15%

  6. Moong (Green Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around August

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 2.0 lakh acres here. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹13,000–₹19,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹1,000 to a profit of ₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 210 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 130 mm it can use in a normal year, and 70 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.2–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.0 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (August–September 2026): about ₹7,875 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹8,464 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis in your district (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹3,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,860 2021
    2. ₹6,130 2022
    3. ₹6,650 2023
    4. ₹6,090 2024
    5. ₹6,420 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.8 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 84%
    • Urea 41%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 5%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 2%

  7. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 38 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹8,000–₹12,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹851 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Cool in July
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year, and 90 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 73% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 73% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,648 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹3,296 a quintal, the middle of 21 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹1,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,480 2021
    2. ₹2,090 2022
    3. ₹2,290 2023
    4. ₹2,380 2024
    5. ₹2,320 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 5.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 50,220 acres here. Sold at 6 mandis in your district.

    ₹30,000–₹45,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹10,000 to a profit of ₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 380 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of zinc.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.3 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹8,879 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹9,706 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 6 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹1,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,760 2021
    2. ₹5,290 2022
    3. ₹5,630 2023
    4. ₹5,360 2024

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 6.9 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 95%
    • Urea 71%

  9. Ragi (Finger Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–August) is over.

    Grown on 63 acres here. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹11,000–₹16,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹5,000–₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Ragi (Finger Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.9 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 75% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 75% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October 2026): about ₹3,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,415 a quintal, the middle of 37 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹6,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,205 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹21,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Rice

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 25,383 acres here. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹16,000–₹24,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 12 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 12 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 1,000 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 440 mm it can use in a normal year, and 290 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–36 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 29 °C / 21 °C
    • Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 27 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 20 °C
    • Oct 30 °C / 20 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Rice: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 7.8 quintals of paddy an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October 2026): about ₹2,600 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,294 a quintal, the middle of 44 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹3,000 a season at typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,441 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹29,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 19 quintals of paddy an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 88%
    • Urea 78%
    • NPK Mixture 1%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 1%
3 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).