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Your plan for Davanagere

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

9

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Short in most fields here: iron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 480 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 328 mm.

Temperature

Days about 28 °C, nights 21 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (1 nutrient)
  • Iron

    From 25,078 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 58% Enough 42%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Nitrogen

    From 25,078 soil tests

    Good

    Low 7% Medium 88% High 5%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Low 1% Medium 20% High 79%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less DAP than usual.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Low 1% Medium 26% High 74%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 25,078 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 28% Medium 37% High 35%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 1% Neutral 99%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 25,078 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 36% Enough 64%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 25,078 soil tests

    Good

    Short 3% Enough 97%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 25,079 soil tests

    Good

    Short 14% Enough 86%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 25,075 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 21% Enough 79%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Good fit 2

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Korra (Foxtail Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 230 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–26 °C on average, and survives 5–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Korra (Foxtail Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹4,613 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹5,127 a quintal, the middle of 6 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov).

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,540 2021
    2. ₹2,710 2022
    3. ₹3,980 2023
    4. ₹4,430 2024
    5. ₹3,010 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Samai (Little Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 230 mm it can use in a normal year, and 120 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–27 °C on average, and survives 15–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Samai (Little Millet): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.2.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹9,400 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹7,350 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis across India (latest 12 Nov).

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,350 2022
    2. ₹3,590 2024
    3. ₹3,830 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 53

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.7 lakh–₹2.5 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹20,000–₹1.0 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 370 mm it can use in a normal year, and 190 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 71 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 73% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 73% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹4,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,500 a quintal, the middle of 13 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹35,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,300 2021
    2. ₹5,500 2022
    3. ₹4,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.5 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Bottle Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹59,000–₹88,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹20,000–₹49,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 160 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 19–27 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bottle Gourd: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 47 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹2,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹1,800 a quintal, the middle of 9 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹27,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,000 2021
    2. ₹1,800 2022
    3. ₹1,280 2023
    4. ₹1,500 2024
    5. ₹1,200 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹39,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 2.5 acres here. Last recorded in 2018-19. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹71,000–₹1.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹48,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 430 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 310 mm it can use in a normal year, and 160 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 30 °C / 22 °C
    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 63 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,950 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,200 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹87,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,300 2021
    2. ₹1,800 2022
    3. ₹1,400 2023
    4. ₹3,350 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Okra (Bhindi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹77,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹11,000–₹49,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 12–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Okra (Bhindi): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 44 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 74% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 74% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,938 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,150 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹37,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,750 2021
    2. ₹2,000 2022
    3. ₹2,000 2023
    4. ₹3,250 2024
    5. ₹3,500 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹66,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Cucumber

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹74,000–₹1.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹8,000–₹45,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 200 mm it can use in a normal year, and 100 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–32 °C on average, and survives 6–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cucumber: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 60 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 81% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 81% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,900 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,000 2021
    2. ₹1,000 2022
    3. ₹1,650 2023
    4. ₹1,750 2024
    5. ₹1,800 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹66,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 100%
  6. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹7,000 to a profit of ₹47,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 270 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 220 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 43 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 80% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 80% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,900 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹3,050 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹10,000 a season at typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,550 2021
    2. ₹2,900 2022
    3. ₹3,000 2023
    4. ₹3,650 2024
    5. ₹4,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.2 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Pumpkin

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹89,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹769–₹46,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 160 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Pumpkin: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 101 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹1,400 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹1,050 a quintal, the middle of 6 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹5,000 a season at typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹500 2021
    2. ₹1,200 2023
    3. ₹1,200 2024
    4. ₹1,150 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹89,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹98,000–₹1.5 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹8,000 to a profit of ₹41,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 150 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 74 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,300 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹2,125 a quintal, the middle of 2 mandis in your district (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹7,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,150 2021
    2. ₹1,280 2022
    3. ₹1,300 2023
    4. ₹1,800 2024
    5. ₹2,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Sesame (Til)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 37 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹26,000–₹39,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹25,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 130 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sesame (Til): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 84% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 84% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹12,763 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹14,050 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹22,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹7,920 2021
    2. ₹10,360 2022
    3. ₹15,810 2023
    4. ₹11,750 2024
    5. ₹8,730 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 1.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Bitter Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹64,000–₹97,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹29,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 290 mm it can use in a normal year, and 160 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–30 °C on average, and survives 15–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Sep 28 °C / 21 °C
    • Oct 29 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bitter Gourd: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Most fields here are short of iron.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 39 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹2,600 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    This week: about ₹2,900 a quintal, the middle of 15 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹22,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,050 2021
    2. ₹2,800 2022
    3. ₹2,800 2023
    4. ₹3,250 2024
    5. ₹3,500 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹67,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).