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Your plan for Solapur

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

5

out of 10

Soil score

Poor

Short in most fields here: nitrogen, organic carbon, sulphur, zinc, iron, manganese and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 477 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 345 mm.

Temperature

Days about 32 °C, nights 22 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (7 nutrients)

  • Nitrogen

    From 24,833 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 98% Medium 2%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 24,817 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 62% Medium 27% High 11%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • Sulphur

    From 24,843 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 71% Enough 29%

    7 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 24,833 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 62% Enough 38%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 24,846 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 94% Enough 6%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 24,846 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 62% Enough 38%

    6 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 24,841 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 83% Enough 17%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results

  • Phosphorus

    From 24,837 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 41% Medium 53% High 5%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 24,841 soil tests

    Good

    Low 6% Medium 30% High 65%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • pH

    From 24,786 soil tests

    Good

    Neutral 98% Alkaline 2%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 24,808 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 99% Salty 1%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Copper

    From 24,820 soil tests

    Good

    Short 7% Enough 93%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

Good fit 0

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Nothing fits well this season. Look at the crops below that are possible with effort, or try another season.

Possible, with effort 47

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Urad (Black Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.4 lakh acres here. Sold at 16 mandis in your district.

    ₹19,000–₹29,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹15,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 200 mm it can use in a normal year, and 130 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.6 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹9,160 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,130 2021
    2. ₹6,150 2022
    3. ₹7,750 2023
    4. ₹7,480 2024
    5. ₹5,900 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.9 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 55%
    • Urea 21%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 10%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 5%

  2. Soybean

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 2.2 lakh acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹20,000–₹30,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 4 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 140 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–33 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 33 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Soybean: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.6 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹6,900 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,708 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,150 2021
    2. ₹6,040 2022
    3. ₹4,880 2023
    4. ₹4,450 2024
    5. ₹4,250 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹16,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 6.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 50%
    • NPK Mixture 14%
    • Urea Ammonium Phosphate 8%
    • Urea 7%

  3. Moong (Green Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 33,880 acres here. Sold at 9 mandis in your district.

    ₹14,000–₹21,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹239 to a profit of ₹7,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 170 mm it can use in a normal year, and 110 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.2–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.0 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹8,610 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,530 2021
    2. ₹6,050 2022
    3. ₹7,300 2023
    4. ₹7,180 2024
    5. ₹6,400 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.9 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 67%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 23%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 11%
    • NPK Mixture 2%

  4. Tur (Arhar)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.7 lakh acres here. Sold at 14 mandis in your district.

    ₹13,000–₹20,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹6,000 to a profit of ₹935 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 8 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 8 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 670 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 300 mm it can use in a normal year, and 200 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–38 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 23 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 33 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 32 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 31 °C / 16 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Tur (Arhar): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.4 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,903 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,450 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,230 2021
    2. ₹6,000 2022
    3. ₹9,250 2023
    4. ₹9,620 2024
    5. ₹6,410 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.5 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 59%
    • Urea 31%
    • NPK Mixture 3%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 3%

  5. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.0 lakh acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹5,000–₹8,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 290 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 210 mm it can use in a normal year, and 130 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.8 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹3,569 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,450 2021
    2. ₹2,500 2024
    3. ₹2,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 10 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 97% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 97%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 8%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 7%
    • NPK Mixture 6%

  6. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.3 lakh acres here. Sold at 16 mandis in your district.

    ₹12,000–₹18,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹4,000–₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 4 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 240 mm it can use in a normal year, and 140 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 33 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 9.4 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 58% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 58% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,630 2021
    2. ₹2,170 2022
    3. ₹2,150 2023
    4. ₹2,200 2024
    5. ₹2,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 26 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 43% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      About 11% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      About 11% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 43%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 14%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 11%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 10%

  7. Sunflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 7,544 acres here. Sold at 3 mandis in your district.

    ₹11,000–₹16,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹7,000–₹12,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 230 mm it can use in a normal year, and 140 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–34 °C on average, and survives 5–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 33 °C / 21 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sunflower: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.8 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹7,625 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,343 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.3 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 85% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 85%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 15%
    • NPK Mixture 12%
    • Urea Ammonium Phosphate 3%

  8. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 8,582 acres here. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹15,000–₹23,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹18,000–₹25,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 5 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 470 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 170 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 23 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October 2026): about ₹7,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,980 2021
    2. ₹5,130 2022
    3. ₹5,830 2023
    4. ₹5,410 2024

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 9.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 76%
    • NPK Mixture 44%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 42%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 12%

  9. Jowar (Sorghum)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 2,457 acres here. Sold at 16 mandis in your district.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 4 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 4 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 420 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 260 mm it can use in a normal year, and 170 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 23 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.9 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹6,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,200 2021
    2. ₹2,560 2022
    3. ₹4,250 2023
    4. ₹2,920 2024
    5. ₹2,800 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 54% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 54%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 21%
    • NPK Mixture 3%
    • Urea Ammonium Phosphate 2%

  10. Cotton

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 796 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    Only with irrigation: rain gives too little of its water to count on

    • Needs care: Risky: 9 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 9 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 710 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 300 mm it can use in a normal year, and 200 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 35 °C / 23 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Aug 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 22 °C
    • Oct 33 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 32 °C / 18 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cotton: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.4 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹7,670 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,750 2021
    2. ₹8,820 2022
    3. ₹7,290 2023
    4. ₹7,100 2024
    5. ₹7,040 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.2 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 15% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

      Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of iron Your soil is likely short of iron.

      Spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of manganese Your soil is likely short of manganese.

      Spray manganese sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, on the young crop.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 15%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 1%
    • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 1%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 1%
8 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).