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Your plan for Jhabua

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

8

out of 10

Soil score

Good

Not in the score: salt.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 908 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 691 mm.

Temperature

Days about 32 °C, nights 24 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

Your soil test results
All soil results
  • Nitrogen

    From 29,941 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 49% Medium 51%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 29,979 soil tests

    Good

    Low 6% Medium 74% High 19%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 30,015 soil tests

    Good

    Low 6% Medium 80% High 14%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 29,903 soil tests

    Good

    Low 16% Medium 25% High 59%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 29,795 soil tests

    Good

    Neutral 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Sulphur

    From 30,044 soil tests

    Good

    Short 11% Enough 89%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 30,092 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 24% Enough 76%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 30,114 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 30% Enough 70%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: spray ferrous sulphate, 5 g per litre of water, when young leaves turn yellow.

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 30,088 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 30,132 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 30,066 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 46% Enough 54%

    5 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

The tests here for salt look like a testing error: almost every test reads the same, unlike the districts around. They aren't used.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Good fit 26

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Jute

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in May, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (March–May) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹73,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 550 mm it can use in a normal year, and 390 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–37 °C on average, and survives 13–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • May 41 °C / 26 °C
    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jute: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹12,950 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,925 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,580 2021
    2. ₹6,050 2022
    3. ₹5,200 2023
    4. ₹5,000 2024
    5. ₹6,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

  2. Green Chillies

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.3 lakh–₹1.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹19,000–₹83,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 620 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 450 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 33 °C / 15 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Green Chillies: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 64 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹2,500 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,530 2021
    2. ₹1,730 2022
    3. ₹1,590 2023
    4. ₹1,610 2025

    Prices are usually best in May.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 80%
    • Urea 80%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 18%
  3. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 60 acres here. Last recorded in 2013-14. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹83,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹24,000–₹66,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 490 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 58 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (no recent yield figures for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,800 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹750 2021
    2. ₹1,000 2023

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  4. Bitter Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹17,000–₹70,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–30 °C on average, and survives 15–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Bitter Gourd: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 55 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,425 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,130 2021
    2. ₹1,510 2022
    3. ₹1,480 2023
    4. ₹1,860 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹90,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  5. Pumpkin

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 1 mandi in your district.

    ₹79,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3,000–₹43,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 410 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Pumpkin: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 90 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,100 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,000 2023
    2. ₹1,060 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹76,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  6. Groundnut

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 10,262 acres here. Sold at 2 mandis in your district.

    ₹44,000–₹66,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹26,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 420 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–32 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Groundnut: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 8.2 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹6,692 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹7,517 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,800 2022
    2. ₹4,420 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 9.7 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 20%
    • Urea 7%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 0%
  7. Bajra (Pearl Millet)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 150 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹21,000–₹31,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹19,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 480 mm it can use in a normal year, and 320 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 12–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Bajra (Pearl Millet): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,424 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,900 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,280 2021
    2. ₹1,680 2022
    3. ₹1,970 2023
    4. ₹2,200 2024
    5. ₹2,110 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹11,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 41%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 4%
  8. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹22,000–₹32,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹23,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 380 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹9,700 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,300 2022
    2. ₹4,360 2023
    3. ₹7,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹9,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  9. Sesame (Til)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 96 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹20,000–₹30,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹15,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 380 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sesame (Til): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹12,053 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹7,560 2021
    2. ₹8,930 2022
    3. ₹11,950 2023
    4. ₹11,060 2024
    5. ₹8,440 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 87%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 4%
  10. Cotton

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 59,373 acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹28,000–₹42,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹355–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 680 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 620 mm it can use in a normal year, and 450 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 33 °C / 15 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cotton: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.8 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹7,325 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,870 2021
    2. ₹9,160 2022
    3. ₹7,100 2023
    4. ₹7,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 8.4 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 91%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 47%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 6%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 2%

Possible, with effort 29

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹3.0 lakh–₹4.5 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1.9 lakh–₹3.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in July
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 480 mm it can use in a normal year, and 320 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 40 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹9,475 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,400 2021
    2. ₹3,250 2022
    3. ₹2,450 2023

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  2. Onion

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (July–August) is over.

    Grown on 1,895 acres here. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.4 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹61,000–₹1.4 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in July
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 530 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 490 mm it can use in a normal year, and 330 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–25 °C on average, and survives 4–33 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 33 °C / 15 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Onion: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 98 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹2,050 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,570 2021
    2. ₹1,200 2022
    3. ₹1,210 2023

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.0 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 101 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 84%
  3. Niger Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 4.9 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹18,000–₹27,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹10,000–₹19,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 590 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–26 °C on average, and survives 11–34 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Niger Seed: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.0 quintals an acre here (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹11,150 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,052 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,460 2022
    2. ₹8,400 2023
    3. ₹8,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 1.2 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

  4. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹81,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹16,000 to a profit of ₹25,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Very hot in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 420 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 590 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Days in June get hotter than it likes. Time sowing so it flowers before then.

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 95 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,075 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹880 2021
    2. ₹1,130 2022
    3. ₹980 2023
    4. ₹1,280 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹97,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  5. Maize

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 1.4 lakh acres here. Sold at 6 mandis in your district.

    ₹18,000–₹26,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹4,000 to a profit of ₹4,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 590 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–33 °C on average, and survives 10–47 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Maize: 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 9.6 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹2,284 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Minimum support price: ₹2,410 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,470 2021
    2. ₹1,900 2022
    3. ₹2,000 2023
    4. ₹2,200 2024
    5. ₹2,100 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹22,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 14 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 79%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 5%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 0%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 0%
  6. Jowar (Sorghum)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 3,327 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹10,000–₹15,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 380 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,565 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,360 2021
    2. ₹1,700 2022
    3. ₹2,020 2023
    4. ₹2,250 2024
    5. ₹2,220 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 8.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 5%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 0%
  7. Tobacco

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹18,000–₹27,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹5,000 to a profit of ₹4,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 460 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–30 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tobacco: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 8.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹2,662 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in May.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  8. Horse Gram (Kulthi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No recent figures for your district. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹4,000–₹7,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹1,000–₹4,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 380 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 610 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–28 °C on average, and survives 17–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Horse Gram (Kulthi): 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.0 quintals an acre here (older figures, 2018-19).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹5,459 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,230 2021
    2. ₹4,350 2022
    3. ₹5,550 2023
    4. ₹5,920 2024
    5. ₹4,280 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 29%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 13%
  9. Okra (Bhindi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹48,000–₹71,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹435–₹24,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 400 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 590 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 12–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 37 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Okra (Bhindi): 8 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 58 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,025 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,100 2021
    2. ₹1,200 2022
    3. ₹1,440 2023
    4. ₹1,600 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹72,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  10. Castor Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (July–August) is over.

    Grown on 15 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹9,000–₹14,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    Likely a loss at typical costs: ₹11,000–₹15,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 600 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 490 mm it can use in a normal year, and 330 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–39 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 31 °C / 24 °C
    • Aug 30 °C / 23 °C
    • Sep 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Oct 34 °C / 20 °C
    • Nov 33 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 31 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Castor Seed: 9 out of 10 (good).

    Not in the score: salt.

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.2 quintals an acre here (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 81% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 81% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,218 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,670 2021
    2. ₹6,580 2022
    3. ₹5,720 2023
    4. ₹5,530 2024
    5. ₹6,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹24,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 57%

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).