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Your plan for Balaghat

Rabi Rain only

We checked 49 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: 41 of the crops that suit can still be sown this season. For 5 the sowing time is over.

Your land

Soil

9

out of 10

Soil score

Good

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 96 mm in Rabi

October–February, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 45 mm.

Temperature

Days about 29 °C, nights 15 °C in Rabi

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

Your soil test results
All soil results
  • Nitrogen

    From 57,177 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 25% Medium 74% High 1%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Phosphorus

    From 57,182 soil tests

    Good

    Low 11% Medium 63% High 26%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 57,193 soil tests

    Good

    Low 1% Medium 30% High 69%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    If your field is high: you can use about a quarter less potash than usual.

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 57,116 soil tests

    Good

    Low 7% Medium 18% High 76%

    Most soil tests here came out high

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • pH

    From 57,052 soil tests

    Good

    Acidic 1% Neutral 99% Alkaline 1%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 57,077 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 94% Salty 6%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 47,509 soil tests

    Good

    Short 4% Enough 96%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 57,154 soil tests

    Good

    Short 18% Enough 82%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 57,194 soil tests

    Good

    Short 3% Enough 97%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 57,094 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 57,196 soil tests

    Good

    Short 3% Enough 97%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 47,480 soil tests

    Good

    Short 11% Enough 89%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Good fit 4

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹36,000–₹53,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹8,000–₹26,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 140 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 62 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹716 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹700 2021
    2. ₹700 2022
    3. ₹650 2023
    4. ₹800 2025

    Prices are usually best in January.

    Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  2. Moong (Green Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around December

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for this season in your district. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹19,000–₹28,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 10 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 21–36 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Moong (Green Gram): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 6.2–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.9 quintals an acre here in its other seasons (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,032 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹7,401 a quintal, the middle of 42 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹15,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,780 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,800 2021
    2. ₹5,780 2022
    3. ₹6,750 2023

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 5.4 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

  3. Beetroot

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 210 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 4–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Beetroot: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,100 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹980 2022
    2. ₹1,180 2023
    3. ₹1,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

  4. Turnip

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 190 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 5–41 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Turnip: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹950 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,150 2021
    2. ₹1,270 2022
    3. ₹1,300 2023
    4. ₹1,630 2024
    5. ₹1,880 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

Possible, with effort 42

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.4 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹74,000–₹1.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 240 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 40 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 82% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 82% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹6,075 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,400 2021
    2. ₹3,250 2022
    3. ₹2,450 2023

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹84,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  2. Gram (Chana)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 1.1 lakh acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹22,000–₹33,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹3,000–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–29 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Gram (Chana): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 6.0–8.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.3 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹5,175 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹7,000 a quintal, the middle of 113 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹18,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,958 a quintal (2027-28), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,580 2021
    2. ₹4,390 2022
    3. ₹4,700 2023
    4. ₹5,460 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 7.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 17%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 10%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 1%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 1%
  3. Urad (Black Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in November, harvest around February

    Sowing time is now.

    No figures for this season in your district. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹18,000–₹27,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 0 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.5 quintals an acre here in its other seasons (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹6,464 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹7,150 a quintal, the middle of 82 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹11,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,950 2021
    2. ₹4,420 2022
    3. ₹6,000 2023
    4. ₹5,650 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.4 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 54%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 32%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 24%
  4. Linseed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 12,412 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹12,000–₹18,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹10,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–24 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Feb 30 °C / 15 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Linseed: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.1 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹7,187 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹10,000 a quintal, the middle of 14 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹13,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,590 2021
    2. ₹6,160 2022
    3. ₹4,750 2023
    4. ₹5,510 2024
    5. ₹6,710 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

  5. Fenugreek (Methi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹23,000–₹35,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹83 to a profit of ₹11,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 10/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 13–27 °C on average, and survives 5–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Fenugreek (Methi): 10 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 7.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 8.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 77% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 77% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹4,651 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹7,438 a quintal, the middle of 11 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹23,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,690 2021
    2. ₹4,500 2022
    3. ₹5,510 2023
    4. ₹4,920 2024
    5. ₹4,410 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  6. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹15,000–₹22,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹12,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 10 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 83% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 83% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹7,965 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹8,781 a quintal, the middle of 24 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹10,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,300 2022
    2. ₹4,360 2023
    3. ₹7,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹10,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

  7. Jowar (Sorghum)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    This season's sowing time (September–October) is over.

    No figures for this season in your district. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹13,000–₹20,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹557–₹7,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Jowar (Sorghum): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 8.1 quintals an acre here in its other seasons (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 72% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 72% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹2,804 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹2,463 a quintal, the middle of 11 mandis in your state (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹2,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹4,023 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,360 2021
    2. ₹1,700 2022
    3. ₹2,020 2023
    4. ₹2,250 2024
    5. ₹2,220 2025

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹12,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 13 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 1%
    • Urea 0%
  8. Horse Gram (Kulthi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No recent figures for your district. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹7,000–₹10,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1,000–₹5,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 10/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–28 °C on average, and survives 17–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Horse Gram (Kulthi): 10 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.5 quintals an acre here (older figures, 2018-19).

    On rain alone it gets about 71% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 71% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹4,807 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹4,882 a quintal, the middle of 12 mandis across India (latest 12 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹3,000 a season after typical costs.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,540 2021
    2. ₹4,350 2022
    3. ₹4,750 2023

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹6,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 29%
    • Urea 29%
  9. Niger Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for this season in your district. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹7,000–₹10,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹2,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 20 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–26 °C on average, and survives 11–34 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Niger Seed: 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.2 quintals an acre here in its other seasons (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 78% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 78% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹9,300 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,052 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,460 2022
    2. ₹8,400 2023
    3. ₹8,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 1.6 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 100%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 100%
  10. Sesame (Til)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹11,000–₹17,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 9/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 10 mm it can use in a normal year (0 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 21 °C
    • Nov 29 °C / 15 °C
    • Dec 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sesame (Til): 9 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.1 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 83% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 83% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,250 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    This week: about ₹14,558 a quintal, the middle of 30 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹10,000 a season after typical costs.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,346 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹7,560 2021
    2. ₹8,930 2022
    3. ₹11,950 2023
    4. ₹11,060 2024
    5. ₹8,440 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.4 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

3 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).