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Your plan for Dhenkanal

Rabi Rain only

We checked 50 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: 43 of the crops that suit can still be sown this season. For 6 the sowing time is over.

Your land

Soil

6

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen, organic carbon, sulphur and boron.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 166 mm in Rabi

October–February, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 116 mm.

Temperature

Days about 30 °C, nights 18 °C in Rabi

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (4 nutrients)
  • Nitrogen

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 99% Medium 1%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 90% Medium 7% High 3%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

  • Sulphur

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 88% Enough 12%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Poor

    Short 77% Enough 23%

    8 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Phosphorus

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 20% Medium 49% High 31%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Low 6% Medium 55% High 39%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • pH

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Okay

    Acidic 39% Neutral 61%

    4 in 10 soil tests here came out acidic

    If your field is acidic: add agricultural lime before sowing. A soil lab works out how much your field needs.

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Zinc

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Short 11% Enough 89%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 14,140 soil tests

    Good

    Enough 100%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

Good fit 6

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Beans (Vegetable)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹70,000–₹1.0 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹30,000–₹65,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–25 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beans (Vegetable): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 21 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹4,200 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,530 2021
    2. ₹3,800 2022
    3. ₹4,250 2023
    4. ₹5,600 2024
    5. ₹5,430 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹39,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around December

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹52,000–₹78,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹33,000–₹59,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 150 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 190 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 42 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹1,550 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,630 2022
    2. ₹1,490 2023
    3. ₹1,700 2024
    4. ₹1,400 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Sunflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 865 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹25,000–₹37,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1,000–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 260 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–34 °C on average, and survives 5–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sunflower: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.9 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,349 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,343 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,570 2021
    2. ₹5,590 2022
    3. ₹4,440 2023
    4. ₹4,340 2024
    5. ₹4,960 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Niger Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹10,000–₹15,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹1,000–₹6,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–26 °C on average, and survives 11–34 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Niger Seed: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.4 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,763 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,052 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,600 2021
    2. ₹6,380 2022
    3. ₹8,000 2023
    4. ₹8,000 2024
    5. ₹8,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 100% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 100%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 68%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 68%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 32%
  5. Beetroot

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around December

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 220 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 4–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Beetroot: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹5,100 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,650 2024
    2. ₹4,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Turnip

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around December

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    No yield figures yet to estimate income

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (10 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 5–41 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Turnip: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    No yield records for this crop yet.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹1,088 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,150 2021
    2. ₹1,270 2022
    3. ₹1,300 2023
    4. ₹1,630 2024
    5. ₹1,880 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 43

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Cabbage

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.2 lakh–₹1.8 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹52,000–₹1.1 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 7–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cabbage: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 111 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 76% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 76% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,800 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,500 2021
    2. ₹3,000 2022
    3. ₹3,000 2024
    4. ₹2,500 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹68,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Carrot

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹86,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹55,000–₹98,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–24 °C on average, and survives 3–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Carrot: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.8–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 41 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 76% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 76% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February 2026): about ₹3,500 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,900 2022
    2. ₹3,760 2023
    3. ₹3,800 2024
    4. ₹4,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in September.

    Typical costs are about ₹31,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.

    ₹78,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹31,000–₹70,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 64 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 76% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 76% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹2,000 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,630 2021
    2. ₹4,000 2022
    3. ₹4,000 2024
    4. ₹5,000 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹47,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 100%
  4. Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 617 acres here. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹60,000–₹90,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹34,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 60 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 190 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 7–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.

    Likes pH 5.0–6.2.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 60 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 74% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 74% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,700 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,550 2021
    2. ₹2,400 2022
    3. ₹1,850 2023
    4. ₹3,000 2024
    5. ₹1,800 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹56,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 81 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 81% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      About 36% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 81%
    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 45%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 40%
    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 36%
  5. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹16,000–₹24,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹14,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Cool in November
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 250 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 3.0 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹6,592 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,510 2021
    2. ₹5,430 2022
    3. ₹6,340 2023
    4. ₹7,030 2024
    5. ₹5,820 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹10,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Fenugreek (Methi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹25,000–₹37,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 1 irrigation short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 1 irrigation (5 cm) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 280 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 13–27 °C on average, and survives 5–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Fenugreek (Methi): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 7.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 6.7 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 90% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 90% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹5,199 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,800 2021
    2. ₹4,910 2022
    3. ₹5,790 2023
    4. ₹5,260 2024
    5. ₹4,560 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Green Peas

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹45,000–₹68,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹20,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 300 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–24 °C on average, and survives 4–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Green Peas: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
    • Most fields here are short of sulphur.
    • Most fields here are short of boron.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 36 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 82% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 82% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹1,899 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in March.

    Typical costs are about ₹48,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Linseed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹6,000–₹10,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹2,000 to a profit of ₹2,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 6/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 340 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 60 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 190 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 16–24 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Feb 31 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Linseed: 6 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 73% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 73% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹7,063 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,680 2021
    2. ₹6,150 2022
    3. ₹4,800 2023
    4. ₹5,490 2024
    5. ₹6,690 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Coriander

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around January

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 2,965 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹14,000–₹21,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹4,000 to a profit of ₹3,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 50 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 4–32 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Coriander: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (January–February 2026): about ₹8,351 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,200 2021
    2. ₹9,530 2022
    3. ₹6,070 2023
    4. ₹6,250 2024
    5. ₹6,730 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹18,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Horse Gram (Kulthi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in October, harvest around February

    Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

    Grown on 1,510 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹4,000–₹6,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹2,000 to a profit of ₹360 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 60 mm it can use in a normal year (30 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 190 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–28 °C on average, and survives 17–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
    • Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
    • Dec 28 °C / 14 °C
    • Jan 28 °C / 14 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Horse Gram (Kulthi): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.7 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    On rain alone it gets about 82% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 82% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹3,830 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,230 2021
    2. ₹4,350 2022
    3. ₹5,550 2023
    4. ₹5,920 2024
    5. ₹4,280 2025

    Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹6,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 2.0 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.

      Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

      Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 1%
    • Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) 1%
    • Urea 1%
1 crop won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).