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Your plan for Bijnor

Kharif Rain only

We checked 55 crops against your soil, rain and temperature, whether or not they're grown near you.

It's November: this season's sowing time is over for every crop that suits. Use this plan for the next sowing.

Your land

Soil

7

out of 10

Soil score

Okay

Short in most fields here: nitrogen and organic carbon.

For most crops. How the soil score works

Rain

About 825 mm in Kharif

June–September, in a normal year. A dry year brings about 765 mm.

Temperature

Days about 34 °C, nights 26 °C in Kharif

Typical of the district's villages; a farm much higher or lower can be a few degrees cooler or warmer.

What's short in your soil, and what to do (2 nutrients)
  • Nitrogen

    From 17,600 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

    What this means

    Grows leaves and stems. Short soil gives pale, yellow leaves.

    Low under 280 kg/ha Medium 280–560 kg/ha High over 560 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 280 kg/ha or more.

  • Organic carbon

    From 17,600 soil tests

    Poor

    Low 90% Medium 9% High 1%

    9 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

    What this means

    Shows how much organic matter the soil has. It keeps soil loose, holds water and feeds the crop slowly.

    Low under 0.5% Medium 0.5–0.75% High over 0.75%

    Healthy soil has 0.5% or more.

Fixes are the usual advice. Your Soil Health Card or nearest Krishi Vigyan Kendra gives the exact dose for your field.

Other soil results
  • Phosphorus

    From 17,598 soil tests

    Okay

    Low 32% Medium 57% High 10%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out low

    If your field is low: add about a quarter more DAP or single super phosphate than the usual dose, at sowing.

    What this means

    Builds roots and helps the crop flower and fill grain.

    Low under 10 kg/ha Medium 10–25 kg/ha High over 25 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 10 kg/ha or more.

  • Potassium

    From 17,598 soil tests

    Good

    Low 4% Medium 94% High 2%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Fills grain and fruit, and helps crops stand drought and disease.

    Low under 110 kg/ha Medium 110–280 kg/ha High over 280 kg/ha

    Healthy soil has 110 kg/ha or more.

  • pH

    From 17,583 soil tests

    Good

    Neutral 100%

    Almost every soil test here came out neutral

    What this means

    How sour (acidic) or alkaline the soil is. It decides which nutrients roots can take up.

    Acidic Neutral Alkaline

    In these tests, neutral means about pH 6 to 8, which suits most crops; acidic is below about 6 and alkaline above about 8.

  • Salt

    From 17,589 soil tests

    Good

    Not salty 100%

    Almost no soil tests here came out salty

    What this means

    Salt in the soil, shown as EC on the card. Salt makes it hard for roots to drink.

    Not salty Salty

    Under 1 dS/m is fine. Between 1 and 4, only crops that can't take salt lose yield. Above 4 harms most crops.

  • Sulphur

    From 17,597 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 20% Enough 80%

    2 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.

    What this means

    Makes oil in oilseeds and protein in pulses.

    Short under 10 ppm Enough 10 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 10 ppm or more.

  • Zinc

    From 17,597 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 30% Enough 70%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    What this means

    Needed for growth and healthy leaves. Rice and wheat often run short.

    Short under 0.6 ppm Enough 0.6 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.6 ppm or more.

  • Iron

    From 17,595 soil tests

    Good

    Short 6% Enough 94%

    1 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    What this means

    Keeps young leaves green.

    Short under 4.5 ppm Enough 4.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 4.5 ppm or more.

  • Copper

    From 16,935 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps the crop set seed and resist disease.

    Short under 0.2 ppm Enough 0.2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.2 ppm or more.

  • Manganese

    From 17,599 soil tests

    Good

    Short 1% Enough 99%

    Almost every soil test here had enough

    What this means

    Helps leaves make food from sunlight.

    Short under 2 ppm Enough 2 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 2 ppm or more.

  • Boron

    From 17,597 soil tests

    Okay

    Short 27% Enough 73%

    3 in 10 soil tests here came out short

    If your field is short: mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    What this means

    Needed for flowers to set seed and fruit.

    Short under 0.5 ppm Enough 0.5 ppm or more

    Healthy soil has 0.5 ppm or more.

Good fit 23

Water, temperature and soil type suit; amber shows what needs care, such as nutrients to add. Sorted by what is likely left per acre after costs; risky crops come lower.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Capsicum

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹2.2 lakh–₹3.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹84,000–₹1.9 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 590 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 490 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–30 °C on average, and survives 8–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Capsicum: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 65 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹4,204 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹2,140 2021
    2. ₹2,940 2022
    3. ₹2,360 2023
    4. ₹3,540 2024
    5. ₹3,610 2025

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.3 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Cucumber

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around August

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 4 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.8 lakh–₹2.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹60,000–₹1.5 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 330 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 450 mm it can use in a normal year, and 350 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–32 °C on average, and survives 6–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cucumber: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 108 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (August–September 2026): about ₹2,050 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,650 2023
    2. ₹1,660 2024
    3. ₹1,680 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.2 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  3. Jute

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in May, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (March–May) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.7 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹73,000–₹1.3 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 550 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 420 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–37 °C on average, and survives 13–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • May 40 °C / 25 °C
    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Jute: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 11 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹12,950 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹5,925 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,580 2021
    2. ₹6,050 2022
    3. ₹5,200 2023
    4. ₹5,000 2024
    5. ₹6,380 2025

    Prices are usually best in June.

    Typical costs are about ₹40,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Bitter Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.4 lakh–₹2.1 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹76,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 440 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–30 °C on average, and survives 15–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Bitter Gourd: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 82 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,133 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,830 2021
    2. ₹2,130 2022
    3. ₹2,160 2023
    4. ₹2,270 2024
    5. ₹2,400 2025

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.3 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Pumpkin

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.3 lakh–₹2.0 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹64,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 440 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Pumpkin: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 161 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,038 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,120 2021
    2. ₹1,270 2022
    3. ₹1,240 2023
    4. ₹1,470 2024
    5. ₹1,350 2025

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Okra (Bhindi)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹82,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹47,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 440 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 520 mm it can use in a normal year, and 460 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 12–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Okra (Bhindi): 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 62 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,673 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,590 2021
    2. ₹1,800 2022
    3. ₹1,720 2023
    4. ₹1,990 2024
    5. ₹1,850 2025

    Prices are usually best in December.

    Typical costs are about ₹76,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Urad (Black Gram)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 4,203 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹27,000–₹40,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹12,000–₹26,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 320 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 470 mm it can use in a normal year, and 370 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 8–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Urad (Black Gram): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.1 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹8,113 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,200 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,930 2021
    2. ₹5,700 2022
    3. ₹7,310 2023
    4. ₹8,230 2024
    5. ₹6,290 2025

    Prices are usually best in October.

    Typical costs are about ₹14,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.0 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 47%
    • Urea 21%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 10%
    • Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 1%
  8. Sunflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹33,000–₹50,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹10,000–₹27,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 360 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 500 mm it can use in a normal year, and 430 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 17–34 °C on average, and survives 5–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Sunflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 5.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹7,446 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,343 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,570 2021
    2. ₹5,590 2022
    3. ₹4,440 2023
    4. ₹4,340 2024
    5. ₹4,960 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹23,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  9. Guar Seed (Cluster Bean)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 51 acres here. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹15,000–₹23,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹17,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 390 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 520 mm it can use in a normal year, and 460 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Guar Seed (Cluster Bean): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 7.5–8.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.9 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹6,556 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹3,780 2021
    2. ₹5,300 2022
    3. ₹5,150 2023
    4. ₹4,900 2024
    5. ₹4,640 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹6,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Cowpea (Lobia)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹18,000–₹28,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹9,000–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 350 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 490 mm it can use in a normal year, and 410 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 25–35 °C on average, and survives 15–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C

    Soil

    Soil for Cowpea (Lobia): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 2.8 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹8,300 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,510 2021
    2. ₹5,430 2022
    3. ₹6,340 2023
    4. ₹7,030 2024
    5. ₹5,820 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹9,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

Possible, with effort 28

Each needs something extra: irrigation, soil care or a careful sowing time, or it likely loses money at typical costs. The card says what.

Sowing Growing Harvest

  1. Tomato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 9 mandis in your district.

    ₹2.6 lakh–₹3.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹49,000–₹1.8 lakh an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 580 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–27 °C on average, and survives 7–35 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tomato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 163 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹2,015 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,200 2021
    2. ₹1,850 2022
    3. ₹1,380 2023
    4. ₹2,100 2024
    5. ₹1,630 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹2.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  2. Onion

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (July–August) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 8 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.5 lakh–₹2.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹44,000–₹1.2 lakh an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Needs care: Warm in July
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 500 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 410 mm it can use in a normal year, and 320 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–25 °C on average, and survives 4–33 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)
    • Nov 27 °C / 12 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Onion: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 63 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 83% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 83% of this yield.

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹3,500 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,820 2021
    2. ₹1,400 2022
    3. ₹1,360 2023
    4. ₹2,070 2024
    5. ₹1,200 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.0 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 64 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      About 100% of local fields of this crop get it.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 100%
    • Urea 100%
  3. Brinjal

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around November

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹1.6 lakh–₹2.4 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹86,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 610 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 490 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–35 °C on average, and survives 9–40 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Brinjal: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.8.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 149 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    On rain alone it gets about 87% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 87% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025): about ₹1,550 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,070 2021
    2. ₹990 2022
    3. ₹1,050 2023
    4. ₹1,400 2024
    5. ₹1,320 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.6 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  4. Bottle Gourd

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 7 mandis in your district.

    ₹87,000–₹1.3 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹34,000–₹77,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 440 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 19–27 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Bottle Gourd: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 66 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,650 a quintal at mandis in your district.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,000 2021
    2. ₹710 2022
    3. ₹1,120 2023
    4. ₹1,250 2024
    5. ₹1,210 2025

    Prices are usually best in February.

    Typical costs are about ₹53,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  5. Sweet Potato

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 5.9 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹82,000–₹1.2 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹23,000–₹64,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 520 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 480 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–28 °C on average, and survives 10–38 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Sweet Potato: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 5.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 48 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (November 2026): about ₹2,150 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  6. Radish

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.1 lakh–₹1.6 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹1,000 to a profit of ₹52,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in July
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 200 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 300 mm it can use in a normal year, and 260 mm in a dry year.

    Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 12–26 °C on average, and survives 10–37 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Radish: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 110 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹1,200 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹940 2021
    2. ₹1,120 2022
    3. ₹1,210 2023
    4. ₹1,330 2024
    5. ₹1,250 2025

    Prices are usually best in April.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.1 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  7. Cauliflower

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around October

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹1.3 lakh–₹1.9 lakh

    per acre a season, before costs

    At typical costs, from a loss of ₹13,000 to a profit of ₹51,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in July
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

    Needs about 420 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 410 mm it can use in a normal year, and 320 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Cauliflower: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 99 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

    Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹1,613 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹1,220 2021
    2. ₹1,790 2022
    3. ₹1,340 2023
    4. ₹1,850 2024
    5. ₹1,690 2025

    Prices are usually best in July.

    Typical costs are about ₹1.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  8. Tur (Arhar)

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    Grown on 12 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

    ₹25,000–₹37,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹6,000–₹18,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 600 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 540 mm it can use in a normal year, and 490 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–38 °C on average, and survives 10–45 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 27 °C / 12 °C
    • Dec 23 °C / 8 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Tur (Arhar): 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Low nitrogen matters less: it makes its own.
    • Many fields here are short of phosphorus, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 4.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

    On rain alone it gets about 89% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 89% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹7,605 a quintal across mandis in your state.

    Minimum support price: ₹8,450 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹6,080 2021
    2. ₹6,440 2022
    3. ₹7,770 2023
    4. ₹10,280 2024
    5. ₹7,880 2025

    Prices are usually best in April.

    Typical costs are about ₹19,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 4.0 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

    What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

    • Urea 13%
    • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 12%
  9. Castor Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in July, harvest around December

    This season's sowing time (July–August) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹30,000–₹44,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹5,000–₹20,000 an acre a season

    • Needs care: Risky: 3 irrigations short
    • Suits: Ideal temperatures
    • Needs care: Soil 7/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain falls about 3 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

    Needs about 530 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 420 mm it can use in a normal year, and 320 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 20–30 °C on average, and survives 15–39 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C
    • Oct 32 °C / 19 °C
    • Nov 27 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
    • Dec 23 °C / 8 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Castor Seed: 7 out of 10 (okay).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 6.0–7.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 7.5 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    On rain alone it gets about 79% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 79% of this yield.

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹6,218 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹4,670 2021
    2. ₹6,580 2022
    3. ₹5,720 2023
    4. ₹5,530 2024
    5. ₹6,000 2025

    Prices are usually best in November.

    Typical costs are about ₹24,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

  10. Niger Seed

    JJASONDJFMAM

    Sow in June, harvest around September

    This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

    No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Priced from mandis across India.

    ₹11,000–₹16,000

    per acre a season, before costs

    After typical costs: ₹2,000–₹8,000 an acre a season

    • Suits: Rain is enough
    • Needs care: Warm in June
    • Suits: Soil 8/10
    Why, and how to make it work

    Water

    Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

    Needs about 380 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 520 mm it can use in a normal year, and 460 mm in a dry year.

    Temperature

    Grows best at 18–26 °C on average, and survives 11–34 °C.

    Here, in its growing months (day / night):

    • Jun 38 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Jul 34 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Aug 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
    • Sep 33 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)

    Months in orange are outside its best range.

    Soil

    Soil for Niger Seed: 8 out of 10 (good).

    • The pH here suits it.
    • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
    • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
    • Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

    Likes pH 5.5–6.5.

    How the soil score works

    Money

    Yield: about 1.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

    Mandi price at last season's harvest (September–October 2026): about ₹10,750 a quintal across India's mandis.

    Minimum support price: ₹10,052 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.

    Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
    1. ₹5,600 2021
    2. ₹6,380 2022
    3. ₹8,000 2023
    4. ₹8,000 2024
    5. ₹8,130 2025

    Prices are usually best in August.

    Typical costs are about ₹8,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.

    How to make it work

    • Short of nitrogen Your soil is likely short of nitrogen.

      Add about a quarter more urea than the usual dose, in two or three splits. A pulse crop in rotation also adds nitrogen.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

    • Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.

      Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.

      Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to add for this crop.

4 crops won't work here See why for each one

10 more crops aren't judged yet because we don't have their growing needs.

Next steps

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are; FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).