Tapioca (Cassava)

Planted from stem cuttings at the start of the rains; the roots are dug 8 to 10 months later.

Check it on your land
Season
Whole year
100% of its area.
Water
930–1,120 mm
of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)
Grows best at
20–29 °C
0 °C survives 10–35 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Planted from stem cuttings at the start of the rains; the roots are dug 8 to 10 months later.

Will it grow on your land?

Kollam Kerala
Water
Season

Good fit in Kollam

Tapioca (Cassava)

Holds the land all year

Grown on 30,848 acres here. Sold at 14 mandis in your district.

₹4.9 lakh–₹7.3 lakh

per acre a year, before costs

After typical costs: ₹2.4 lakh–₹4.8 lakh an acre a year

  • Suits: Rain is enough
  • Suits: Ideal temperatures
  • Suits: Soil 9/10
Why, and how to make it work

Water

Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

Needs about 930 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 1,670 mm it can use in a normal year, and 1,470 mm in a dry year.

Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

Temperature

Grows best at 20–29 °C on average, and survives 10–35 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

  • Jun 31 °C / 25 °C
  • Jul 30 °C / 24 °C
  • Aug 31 °C / 24 °C
  • Sep 31 °C / 24 °C
  • Oct 31 °C / 24 °C
  • Nov 31 °C / 24 °C
  • Dec 31 °C / 23 °C
  • Jan 32 °C / 23 °C
  • Feb 33 °C / 24 °C
  • Mar 33 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
  • Apr 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
  • May 33 °C / 26 °C (outside its best range)
  • Jun 31 °C / 25 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Tapioca (Cassava): 9 out of 10 (good).

Not in the score: nitrogen.

  • The pH here suits it.
  • Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
  • Most fields here are short of boron.

Likes pH 5.5–8.0.

How the soil score works

Money

Yield: about 162 quintals an acre here in this season (district figures).

Mandi price through the year (December 2025–November 2026): about ₹3,750 a quintal at mandis in your district.

This week: about ₹4,100 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis in your district (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹4.2 lakh a year after typical costs.

Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
  1. ₹1,700 2021
  2. ₹2,800 2022
  3. ₹2,880 2023
  4. ₹3,150 2024
  5. ₹3,300 2025

Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

Prices are usually best in August.

Typical costs are about ₹2.4 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

How to make it work

The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 182 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

  • Short of boron Your soil is likely short of boron.

    Mix 4 kg of borax per acre into the soil before sowing.

    Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.

What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

  • Urea 5%
  • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 3%
  • NPK Mixture 3%
  • Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate / Nitrogen Phosphate 1%
See every crop that suits Kollam

What it needs

Temperature

20–29 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 10–35 °C. Frost hurts it.

Water

930–1,120 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Namakkal Kallakurichi Thiruvananthapuram Kollam Dharmapuri

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4 to 9.

Soil

  • No salty soil
  • Ordinary farm soil is fine
  • N Needs plenty of nitrogen and potassium
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra for the dose.

Watch out for

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to watch for.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and a recent price, named below. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a year, once it bears

₹2,00,400

Yield India's average
148.4 quintals an acre
× Price mandi price through the year (Dec 2025–Nov 2026)
₹3,000 a quintal
= Income
₹4,45,300
− Costs about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys
−₹2,44,900
= Left
₹2,00,400

This week tapioca (cassava) sells at about ₹3,500 a quintal: India's middle price at 70 mandis, latest 13 Nov. At that price an acre would leave about ₹2,74,700 a year.

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹3,56,300 to ₹5,34,400 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

It bears from its first year.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
September, ₹3,500 a quintal
Lowest
February, ₹2,850 a quintal
₹2,850
₹3,500
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis: each month's latest price (Dec 2025–Nov 2026).

Latest prices near Kollam Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
4.4 lakh acres
2025-26
Average yield
148.4 quintals an acre (36.7 tonnes a hectare)
2025-26
Most area
Tamil Nadu
54% of India's
Best yield
Ernakulam
205 quintals an acre

States that grow it

Each state's share of India's production, in its latest year with figures (2025-26). Tap a state to open it.

Source: Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2018-19 to 2022-23.

Where yields are highest

Districts growing it on at least 100 ha, against the average across India. The line runs from India's average to each district.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2018-19 to 2022-23.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Tapioca (Cassava) yields tend to be higher in districts with

  • More soil high in potassium moderate 70 districts

Tapioca (Cassava) yields tend to be lower in districts with

  • More soil short of copper strong 70 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).