Peas & Beans (Dry)

A winter crop. Sow in Oct–Nov, harvest in Feb–Mar.

Check it on your land
Season
Rabi
JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

97% of its area.
Ready in
110 days
about 3½ months
Water
310–330 mm
of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)
Grows best at
10–24 °C
0 °C survives 4–30 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Rabi 97% of its area
Today: rabi sowing time
J J A S O N D J F M A M
Sow Growing Harvest
The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Howrah West Bengal
Water
Season

Possible in Howrah, with effort

Peas & Beans (Dry)

JJASONDJFMAM

Sow in October, harvest around February

Still sowing time: sow by the end of November.

Grown on 239 acres here. Priced from mandis across your state.

₹19,000–₹28,000

per acre a season, before costs

After typical costs: ₹4,000–₹13,000 an acre a season

  • Needs care: Risky: 2 irrigations short
  • Suits: Ideal temperatures
  • Suits: Soil 9/10
Why, and how to make it work

Water

Rain falls about 2 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 310 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 60 mm it can use in a normal year (20 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 200 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 10–24 °C on average, and survives 4–30 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

  • Oct 32 °C / 24 °C (outside its best range)
  • Nov 30 °C / 19 °C
  • Dec 26 °C / 14 °C
  • Jan 26 °C / 13 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Peas & Beans (Dry): 9 out of 10 (good).

  • The pH here suits it.
  • Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.

Likes pH 5.5–7.0.

How the soil score works

Money

Yield: about 4.3 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

On rain alone it gets about 84% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 84% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (February–March 2026): about ₹6,475 a quintal across mandis in your state.

This week: about ₹3,910 a quintal, the middle of 7 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would lose about ₹975 a season at typical costs.

Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
  1. ₹6,430 2022
  2. ₹6,680 2023
  3. ₹6,800 2024
  4. ₹6,310 2025

Prices are usually best in April.

Typical costs are about ₹15,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

How to make it work

The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 5.1 quintals an acre. That's a realistic target.

See every crop that suits Howrah

What it needs

Temperature

10–24 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 4–30 °C.

Water

310–330 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Jalaun Jhansi Lalitpur Mahoba Chhatarpur

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 4.5 to 8.3.

Soil

  • No salty soil
  • Ordinary farm soil is fine
  • N Makes its own nitrogen
  • P Needs plenty of phosphorus and sulphur
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra for the dose.

Watch out for

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to watch for.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and a recent price, named below. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹10,400

Yield India's average
6.1 quintals an acre
× Price harvest price last season (Feb–Mar 2026)
₹4,209 a quintal
= Income
₹25,600
− Costs about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys
−₹15,200
= Left
₹10,400

This week peas & beans (dry) sells at about ₹3,910 a quintal: India's middle price at 7 mandis, latest 13 Nov. At that price an acre would leave about ₹8,600 a season.

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹20,500 to ₹30,800 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
November, ₹6,000 a quintal
Lowest
July, ₹3,755 a quintal
₹3,755
₹6,000
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis: each month's latest price (Dec 2025–Nov 2026).

Latest prices near Howrah Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
19.2 lakh acres
2022-23
Average yield
6.1 quintals an acre (1.5 tonnes a hectare)
recent years, to 2022-23
Most area
Jalaun
Uttar Pradesh
Best yield
East Khasi Hills
15 quintals an acre

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2018-19 to 2022-23.

Where yields are highest

Districts growing it on at least 100 ha, against the average across India. The line runs from India's average to each district.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2018-19 to 2022-23.

Across India over the years

Yield across India, quintals an acre

0 2 q 4 q 6 q 8 q
2009-10 2022-23
Latest 5.6 quintals an acre in 2022-23

Area sown across India, acres

0 10 lakh 20 lakh 30 lakh
2009-10 2022-23
Latest 19.2 lakh acres in 2022-23

Years run July to June. Only years in which most of the usual districts reported are shown.

Source: Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare). 2009-10 to 2022-23.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Peas & Beans (Dry) yields tend to be lower in districts with

  • More soil that is acidic weak 363 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).