Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow)

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 880 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 1,120 mm it can use in a normal year, and 870 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 23–34 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 28 °C / 20 °C
• Jul 27 °C / 21 °C
• Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
• Sep 28 °C / 20 °C
• Oct 26 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)
• Nov 23 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 20 °C / 8 °C (outside its best range)
• Jan 20 °C / 7 °C (outside its best range)
• Feb 22 °C / 9 °C (outside its best range)
• Mar 25 °C / 12 °C (outside its best range)
• Apr 27 °C / 15 °C (outside its best range)
• May 28 °C / 18 °C (outside its best range)
• Jun 28 °C / 20 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Nights in January can bring frost. When frost is forecast, water the field lightly in the evening.

Soil

Soil for Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow): 9 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of iron, which it needs a lot.

Likes pH 6.0–6.8.

Money

Yield: about 32 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 4 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025, February 2026): about ₹8,625 a quintal across mandis in your state.

Prices are usually best in February.

Typical costs are about ₹59,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.