Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow)

Water

Too dry to grow on rain alone. It would need irrigation.

Needs about 1,190 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 440 mm it can use in a normal year, and 270 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 23–34 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 35 °C / 25 °C
• Jul 33 °C / 24 °C
• Aug 32 °C / 24 °C
• Sep 32 °C / 23 °C
• Oct 31 °C / 23 °C
• Nov 29 °C / 20 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 18 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 18 °C
• Feb 33 °C / 19 °C
• Mar 36 °C / 22 °C
• Apr 38 °C / 25 °C
• May 38 °C / 26 °C
• Jun 35 °C / 25 °C

It needs a cold winter to flower: a coldest month averaging 23 °C or less. Here the coldest month averages 23 °C. The district's cooler, higher villages get colder, about 20 °C: enough to grow it there.

Soil

Soil for Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow): 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of zinc, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of iron, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

Likes pH 6.0–6.8.

Money

Yield: about 81 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 4 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–February 2026): about ₹3,636 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹1.5 lakh an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.