Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow)

Water

Rain is enough in a normal year. Keep one irrigation ready for a dry year.

Needs about 1,010 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 920 mm it can use in a normal year, and 760 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 23–34 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 33 °C / 25 °C
• Jul 29 °C / 24 °C
• Aug 29 °C / 24 °C
• Sep 30 °C / 24 °C
• Oct 30 °C / 22 °C
• Nov 28 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 26 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
• Jan 27 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
• Feb 29 °C / 17 °C (outside its best range)
• Mar 32 °C / 20 °C
• Apr 34 °C / 24 °C
• May 36 °C / 26 °C
• Jun 33 °C / 25 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow): 8 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.
• Most fields here are short of phosphorus.
• Most fields here are short of organic carbon.

Likes pH 6.0–6.8.

Money

Yield: about 53 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 4 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–February 2026): about ₹3,636 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹99,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.