Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow)

Water

Rain falls about 8 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 1,070 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 680 mm it can use in a normal year, and 600 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 23–34 °C on average, and survives 12–38 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 34 °C / 24 °C
• Jul 30 °C / 23 °C
• Aug 29 °C / 23 °C
• Sep 30 °C / 23 °C
• Oct 29 °C / 20 °C
• Nov 27 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 24 °C / 10 °C (outside its best range)
• Jan 24 °C / 10 °C (outside its best range)
• Feb 28 °C / 14 °C (outside its best range)
• Mar 32 °C / 18 °C
• Apr 37 °C / 22 °C
• May 38 °C / 25 °C
• Jun 34 °C / 24 °C

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Orange (Mandarin, Kinnow): 8 out of 10 (good).

• Soil here is often more acidic than it likes.
• Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

Likes pH 6.0–6.8.

Money

Yield: about 53 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 4 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–February 2026): about ₹3,636 a quintal across India's mandis.

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹99,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.