Garlic

A winter crop. Sow in Oct, harvest in Mar.

Check it on your land
Season
Rabi
JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

100% of its area.
Ready in
140 days
about 4½ months
Water
460–470 mm
of water over its season (rain plus irrigation)
Grows best at
18–30 °C
0 °C survives 7–35 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Rabi 100% of its area
Today
J J A S O N D J F M A M
Sow Growing Harvest
The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Nalbari Assam
Water
Season
We don't judge Garlic for that season. Pick another season.

What it needs

Temperature

18–30 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 7–35 °C.

Water

460–470 mm over its season

Rain and irrigation together, worked out where most of it grows:

Mainpuri Etah Firozabad Etawah Angul

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 5 to 8.5.

Soil

  • No salty soil
  • Needs rich soil
  • K Needs plenty of potassium and sulphur
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra for the dose.

Watch out for

Not covered yet. Ask your Krishi Vigyan Kendra what to watch for.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and a recent price, named below. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹90,800

Yield India's average
34.3 quintals an acre
× Price harvest price last season (Mar 2026)
₹6,500 a quintal
= Income
₹2,22,700
− Costs about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys
−₹1,31,900
= Left
₹90,800

This week garlic sells at about ₹12,000 a quintal: India's middle price at 196 mandis, latest 13 Nov. At that price an acre would leave about ₹2,79,300 a season.

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹1,78,200 to ₹2,67,300 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
November, ₹12,500 a quintal
Lowest
December, ₹5,828 a quintal
₹12,500
₹5,828
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis: each month's latest price (Dec 2025–Nov 2026).

Latest prices near Nalbari Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
11.1 lakh acres
2025-26
Average yield
34.3 quintals an acre (8.5 tonnes a hectare)
2025-26
Most area
Madhya Pradesh
47% of India's

States that grow it

Each state's share of India's production, in its latest year with figures (2025-26). Tap a state to open it.

Source: Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

District figures cover only 33% of India's garlic area, so the districts aren't listed. The states show where it grows.

Soil and yield

How district soil tests line up with this crop's yields across India.

Garlic yields tend to be higher in districts with

  • More soil that is neutral moderate 155 districts
  • More soil that is alkaline weak 155 districts

Garlic yields tend to be lower in districts with

  • More soil that is acidic weak 155 districts

A pattern is not proof that soil causes the difference.

Source: Soil Health Card – soil nutrient analysis (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – district-wise (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare); Crop area, production & yield – UPAG (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).