Fennel

Water

Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.

Needs about 790 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain in its months gives about 570 mm it can use in a normal year (420 mm in a dry one), and the soil holds about 10 mm from the monsoon at sowing.

Temperature

Grows best at 15–25 °C on average, and survives 6–32 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Oct 23 °C / 8 °C
• Nov 17 °C / 3 °C (outside its best range)
• Dec 10 °C / -1 °C (outside its best range)
• Jan 7 °C / -3 °C (outside its best range)
• Feb 10 °C / -1 °C (outside its best range)
• Mar 15 °C / 3 °C (outside its best range)
• Apr 21 °C / 9 °C (outside its best range)
• May 25 °C / 12 °C
• Jun 28 °C / 16 °C
• Jul 28 °C / 18 °C

Soil

Soil for Fennel: 9 out of 10 (good).

• The pH here suits it.

Likes pH 6.5–7.5.

Money

Yield: about 6.6 quintals an acre, the typical figure across India (no figures for your state).

On rain alone it gets about 74% of the water it needs, so the money here is worked at 74% of this yield.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (July–August 2026): about ₹9,238 a quintal across India's mandis.

This week: about ₹11,000 a quintal, the middle of 5 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹28,000 a season after typical costs.

Prices swing a lot from year to year, so income can be well above or below this range.

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹26,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.