Cotton
Sow in June, harvest around December
This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.
Grown on 91,363 acres here. Sold at 5 mandis in your district.
₹25,000–₹37,000
per acre a season, before costs
At typical costs, from a loss of ₹3,000 to a profit of ₹10,000 an acre a season
- Needs care: Risky: 5 irrigations short
- Suits: Ideal temperatures
- Suits: Soil 8/10
Why, and how to make it work Hide details
Water
Rain falls about 5 irrigations (5 cm each) short in a normal year, so it's risky without water.
Needs about 660 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 460 mm it can use in a normal year, and 350 mm in a dry year.
Temperature
Grows best at 22–36 °C on average, and survives 15–42 °C.
Here, in its growing months (day / night):
- Jun 37 °C / 25 °C
- Jul 31 °C / 23 °C
- Aug 30 °C / 22 °C
- Sep 30 °C / 22 °C
- Oct 32 °C / 20 °C
- Nov 30 °C / 16 °C
Soil
Soil for Cotton: 8 out of 10 (good).
- The pH here suits it.
- Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.
- Most fields here are short of organic carbon.
- Most fields here are short of sulphur.
Likes pH 6.0–7.5.
How the soil score worksMoney
Yield: about 4.1 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre here in this season (district figures).
Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–January 2026): about ₹7,671 a quintal at mandis in your district.
This week: about ₹9,000 a quintal, the middle of 48 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹9,000 a season after typical costs.
Minimum support price: ₹8,267 a quintal (2026-27), if you sell to government procurement.
That is the price for medium staple kapas (raw cotton). Long staple kapas has ₹8,667 a quintal.
- ₹7,200 2023
- ₹6,980 2024
Prices are usually best in October.
Typical costs are about ₹28,000 an acre (seed, fertiliser, labour and hired machines, from the government's cost survey). They are spent whatever the harvest.
How to make it work
The better districts with similar soil, rain and warmth get 5.5 quintals of kapas (raw cotton) an acre. That's a realistic target.
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Short of organic carbon Your soil is likely short of organic carbon.
Add 4 tonnes of compost or farmyard manure per acre before sowing, and plough crop leftovers back in instead of burning them.
Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.
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Short of sulphur Your soil is likely short of sulphur.
Use single super phosphate instead of DAP, or add about 100 kg of gypsum per acre before sowing.
About 16% of local fields of this crop get it.
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Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.
Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.
Few local farmers add it to this crop, so it's an easy place to get ahead.
What local farmers put on it (share of fields):
- Urea 81%
- Rock Phosphate 29%
- Single Super Phosphate (SSP) 16%
- Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 14%