Cauliflower

A winter crop. Sow in Sep–Nov, harvest in Dec–Feb.

Check it on your land
Season
Rabi
JJASONDJFMAM

Sowing Growing Harvest

Also grown in kharif.
Ready in
100 days
about 3½ months
Grows best at
10–25 °C
0 °C survives 5–30 °C 40 °C

When to sow and harvest

Rabi
Kharif
Today: rabi sowing time
J J A S O N D J F M A M
Sow Growing Harvest
The year starts in June, with the monsoon. Your district can shift a few weeks.

Sowing Growing Harvest

Will it grow on your land?

Ganjam Odisha
Water
Season

Possible in Ganjam, with effort

Cauliflower

JJASONDJFMAM

Sow in July, harvest around October

This season's sowing time (June–July) is over.

No figures for your district: its government crop records list no area or yield for this crop. Sold at 6 mandis in your district.

₹2.3 lakh–₹3.4 lakh

per acre a season, before costs

After typical costs: ₹1.3 lakh–₹2.5 lakh an acre a season

  • Suits: Rain is enough
  • Needs care: Warm in July
  • Suits: Soil 8/10
Why, and how to make it work

Water

Rain is enough, even in a dry year.

Needs about 370 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 530 mm it can use in a normal year, and 440 mm in a dry year.

Heavy rain here can waterlog it. Grow it on raised beds or land that drains well.

Temperature

Grows best at 10–25 °C on average, and survives 5–30 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

  • Jul 31 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
  • Aug 31 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
  • Sep 31 °C / 25 °C (outside its best range)
  • Oct 31 °C / 23 °C (outside its best range)

Months in orange are outside its best range.

Soil

Soil for Cauliflower: 8 out of 10 (good).

  • The pH here suits it.
  • Many fields here are short of nitrogen, which it needs a lot.
  • Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
  • Many fields here are short of boron, which it needs a lot.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

How the soil score works

Money

Yield: about 64 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

Mandi price at this season's harvest so far (October–November 2026): about ₹4,400 a quintal at mandis in your district.

This week: about ₹3,700 a quintal, the middle of 3 mandis in your district (latest 13 Nov). At that price an acre would leave about ₹1.5 lakh a season after typical costs.

Average mandi price each year (₹ a quintal):
  1. ₹4,400 2022
  2. ₹4,500 2023
  3. ₹3,950 2024
  4. ₹5,000 2025

Prices are usually best in September.

Typical costs are about ₹91,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.

How to make it work

  • Short of zinc Your soil is likely short of zinc.

    Mix 10 kg of zinc sulphate per acre into the soil before sowing. One dose lasts two or three seasons.

    About 77% of local fields of this crop get it.

What local farmers put on it (share of fields):

  • Urea 93%
  • Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate / Monohydrate 77%
  • Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) 17%
  • Muriate of Potash (MOP) 16%

Fertiliser for one acre here

Urea
85 kg
DAP
53 kg
MOP
40 kg

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra.

See every crop that suits Ganjam

What it needs

Temperature

10–25 °C
0 °C40 °C

Survives 5–30 °C.

Water

The check above works out its water need on your land.

Soil pH

4 acidic7 neutral9 alkaline

Likes neutral soil. Grows from pH 5.5 to 8.5.

Soil

  • No salty soil
  • Needs rich soil
  • N Needs plenty of nitrogen, potassium and boron
How the soil score works

Source: FAO ECOCROP crop requirements (via OpenCLIM/ecocrop); FAO-56 crop coefficients (Allen et al. 1998); IMD gridded daily rainfall (0.25°); IMD gridded daily max/min temperature (1°); TerraClimate 1991–2020 temperature normals (about 4 km), where each district's villages are.

Fertiliser for one acre

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra

For most fields

Urea nitrogen
85 kg about 2 bags of 45 kg
DAP phosphate
53 kg about 1 bag of 50 kg
MOP potash
40 kg about ¾ of a 50 kg bag

Borax: 4 kg for one acre

Give the DAP and MOP at sowing, and the urea in two or three doses. If your soil card says a nutrient is low, add about a quarter more of it.

Watch out for

Draft: check with your Krishi Vigyan Kendra
  • Diamondback moth
    Pest

    Look for

    Small holes in the leaves; tiny green caterpillars wriggle when touched.

    What to do first

    Grow mustard rows as a trap crop and use pheromone traps; spray Bt. Follow the label or your KVK for the dose.

  • Black rot
    Disease

    Look for

    V-shaped yellow patches from the leaf edges with black veins.

    What to do first

    Treat seed in hot water and rotate crops.

  • Aphids
    Pest

    Look for

    Clusters of small grey insects on the leaves and curds.

    What to do first

    Spray only if clusters are thick; ask your KVK.

What an acre earns

At India's average yield and a recent price, named below. Your land, water and mandi will differ.

Left an acre, a season

₹94,500

Yield India's average
83.9 quintals an acre
× Price harvest price last season (Sep–Oct 2026)
₹2,750 a quintal
= Income
₹2,30,600
− Costs about half of what a usual harvest earns (2023–2025), as in farm cost surveys
−₹1,36,100
= Left
₹94,500

A good year or field earns about a fifth more, a poor one a fifth less: ₹1,84,500 to ₹2,76,700 income an acre. Costs stay the same either way.

Work it out for your land

Mandi price, month by month

Best month
July, ₹3,000 a quintal
Lowest
February, ₹1,400 a quintal
₹1,400
₹3,000
J F M A M J J A S O N D

Rupees a quintal, typical across India's mandis: each month's latest price (Dec 2025–Nov 2026).

Latest prices near Ganjam Today's price across India

Source: Agmarknet daily prices and arrivals (India Data Portal).

Where it grows in India

Area grown in India
12.5 lakh acres
2025-26
Average yield
83.9 quintals an acre (20.7 tonnes a hectare)
2025-26
Most area
West Bengal
16% of India's

States that grow it

Each state's share of India's production, in its latest year with figures (2025-26). Tap a state to open it.

Source: Horticulture area & production statistics (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare).

Where it grows most

The districts with the most area in recent years. The map colours every district growing it on at least 100 ha by yield; the numbers mark these districts.

No recent district figures for this crop.