Black Pepper

Water

Too dry to grow on rain alone. It would need irrigation.

Needs about 1,760 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 850 mm it can use in a normal year, and 580 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 37 °C / 27 °C
• Jul 35 °C / 26 °C
• Aug 34 °C / 26 °C
• Sep 34 °C / 25 °C
• Oct 32 °C / 25 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 23 °C
• Dec 29 °C / 21 °C
• Jan 30 °C / 20 °C
• Feb 32 °C / 21 °C
• Mar 34 °C / 23 °C
• Apr 36 °C / 26 °C
• May 38 °C / 28 °C
• Jun 37 °C / 27 °C

Soil

Soil for Black Pepper: 7 out of 10 (okay).

• The pH here suits it.
• Many fields here are short of potassium, which it needs a lot.
• Many fields here are short of sulphur, which it needs a lot.
• Most fields here are short of nitrogen.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 0.9 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (its government crop records list none for your district).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 3 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–March 2026): about ₹65,872 a quintal across India's mandis.

This week: about ₹68,511 a quintal, the middle of 33 mandis across India (latest 13 Nov).

Prices are usually best in November.

Typical costs are about ₹65,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.