Black Pepper

Water

Too dry to grow on rain alone. It would need irrigation.

Needs about 1,790 mm of water here in its growing months. Rain gives about 320 mm it can use in a normal year, and 250 mm in a dry year.

Temperature

Grows best at 22–35 °C on average, and survives 10–40 °C.

Here, in its growing months (day / night):

• Jun 31 °C / 22 °C
• Jul 28 °C / 21 °C
• Aug 28 °C / 21 °C
• Sep 29 °C / 21 °C
• Oct 30 °C / 20 °C
• Nov 30 °C / 18 °C
• Dec 30 °C / 16 °C
• Jan 31 °C / 17 °C
• Feb 33 °C / 18 °C
• Mar 36 °C / 21 °C
• Apr 37 °C / 23 °C
• May 35 °C / 23 °C
• Jun 31 °C / 22 °C

Soil

Soil for Black Pepper: 9 out of 10 (good).

Not in the score: salt.

• The pH here suits it.

Likes pH 6.0–7.0.

Money

Yield: about 1.9 quintals an acre, the typical figure in your state (your district's own figure looked wrong).

A new planting gives its first real harvest after about 3 years. The money here is for plants already bearing.

Rain gives it too little of the water it needs, so there's no income figure on rain alone: grow it only with irrigation.

Mandi price at last season's harvest (December 2025–March 2026): about ₹55,550 a quintal across mandis in your state.

This week: about ₹40,000 a quintal, the middle of 17 mandis in your state (latest 13 Nov).

Prices are usually best in June.

Typical costs are about ₹65,000 an acre: about half of what a usual harvest earns (2024–2026), as in farm cost surveys. They are spent whatever the harvest.